This paper presents a meta-analysis of the literature on parental engagement with children's formal and informal science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education. Five recurrent themes have emerged from the literature review: The challenges of supporting parents with children's STEM education; STEM education as a bridge between school and family; STEM education as a gateway for children's future economic success; STEM education as a vehicle for promoting student communication skills; and, the role of hands-on inquiry-based activities in enhancing student engagement. We also outline some international informal STEM education initiatives, their scope, challenges, and impact.

This mixed-methods case study examines parental motivation for participation in a Canadian university-based STEM outreach event. Parents responded to a postevent questionnaire that was followed by individual interviews. The quantitative part revealed how and why parents engaged with their children's STEM education. Surprisingly, neither university admission requirements nor STEM-related job opportunities were top motivating factors. The qualitative part indicated that some parents found it challenging to connect their children's learning experience in school with the government-mandated curriculum or with their own experiences. Most interviewees were satisfied with their children's STEM education and considered family support crucial in this process.

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