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We provide an overview of decentralized protocols like Compound and Aave that offer collateralized loans for cryptoasset investors. Compound and Aave are two of the most important application in the decentralized finance (DeFi) ecosystem. Using publicly available information on rates, supply and borrow activity, and accounts we analyze different elements of the protocols. In particular, we estimate ex-post margins that give a comprehensive account of the cost of financial intermediation. We find that ex-post margins considering all markets are 1% and lower for stablecoin markets. In addition, we estimate quarterly indicators regarding solvency, asset quality, earnings and market risk similar to the ones used in traditional banking. This provides a first look at the use of these metrics and a comparison between the similarities and challenges to our understanding of financial intermediation in these protocols based on tools used for traditional banking.

El diseño del sistema de seguridad social en salud y su efectiva implementación es uno de los más grandes retos de la sociedad, y a su vez es la principal garantía del goce efectivo del derecho a la salud. Un gran desafío de estos sistemas es la administración del riesgo financiero implícito en la provisión de los servicios de salud. En este documento de investigación se explica en qué medida este desafío se puede enmarcar dentro de un problema de administración cuantitativa de los riesgos financieros. Si bien el uso de estas herramientas no es nuevo en el diseño del sistema de seguridad social en salud colombiano, es importante hacer claridad sobre el alcance que han tenido, las posibles mejoras que se les puedan hacer y los desafíos en la gestión de estos riesgos, implícitos en la reforma actual de la institucionalidad del sistema.

We provide a common framework that relates traditional event study estimation methods in finance with a modern approach for causal event studies. This framework is called synthetic portfolio and is a particular case of synthetic control methods. We provide a simulation exercise and an empirical application to evaluate the performance of the method. In addition, synthetic control methods provides a reliable framework, for test based on the abnormal returns, that overcomes some difficulties in the traditional test. We conclude that the market model provides a counterfactual as good as a synthetic control.

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