This paper presents the results of a study which analyzes the relationship between the excitation system of a synchronous machine and the settings of the loss-of-excitation (LOE) relay applied to protect this machine. A complete generation system taking into account all the physical components were modeled in a Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS), including a new excitation system model (ST7B). By considering a method to protect the generator against partial and total LOE, the settings of the LOE protection were made taking into account the technical data of the synchronous machine. A hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation using a numeric relay was implemented in laboratory. Thus, several tests were performed in order to evaluate the coordination between the protective relay and the limits of the modeled excitation system during underexcited operation.Index Terms-synchronous generator, loss-of-excitation, protection, underexcitation limiter, steady-state stability limit, RTDS, hardware-in-the-loop. 0093-9994 (c)

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