RESUMENLas sequías se encuentran entre los tipos más comúnes de desastres, generando enormes impactos socioeconómicos, especialmente cuando se considera el carácter silencioso que tienen. Son cada vez más frecuentes, intensos y de mayor duración, el cúal nos da una idea de lo que puede suceder con la acentuación del cambio climático. Este artículo tiene por objetivo proporcionar una visión general de las medidas y políticas que abordan la prevención y la preparación para sequías, frente a los impactos del cambio climático, en el Estado de Ceará, Brasil, con el fin de permitir la comprensión de las políticas y programas, experiencias y perspectivas del proceso de la elaboración del Plan de Gestión Integral de Riesgo de Desastres del Estado de Ceará, Brasil; así como en el desarrollo del Sistema de Alerta Temprana (SAT), frente a la coordinación política, lo que dio lugar a la creación de la Comisión de las Sequías. Como resultado, entendemos esta estrategia, de preparación para sequías, como una herramienta capaz de aumentar la capacidad de adaptación y resistencia de los procesos políticos. En este sentido, se presentan las experiencias acumuladas por el Estado de Ceará, en los procesos de gestión de sequías que muestran un potencial prometedor para la replicabilidad en otros países de América Latina, también son objeto de amenazas el cambio climático que puede imponer, en combinación con el análisis de los riesgos asociados -políticos/institucionales/culturales -, en el desarrollo de políticas públicas para, así presentar conclusiones, lecciones aprendidas y recomendaciones. Palabras RISK, INNOVATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN A CHANGING CLIMATE: THE ROLE OF DROUGHT PREPAREDNESS POLICIES AND DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT IN CEARA, BRAZIL ABSTRACTDroughts are among the most common type of disasters, generating enormous socioeconomic impacts in the world, especially when considering the silent character they have. These phenomena are becoming more frequent, intense and longer lasting, which gives us an idea of what may happen with the accentuation of climate change. This article seeks to provide and overview of the measures and policies addressing drought prevention and preparedness, facing the impacts of climate change, in the State of Ceará, Brazil. This study addresses issues of public policies concerning drought risk management in order to allow a greater understanding of policies and programs, experiences and perspectives by the analysis of the process of elaboration of the Integrated Disaster Risk Management Plan of the State of Ceara, Brazil (PIGRD-CE), as well as of the development of the Early Warning System -Drought Monitor -, while addressing the political coordination, which led to the creation of the Drought Commission (Comitê das Secas). As a result, we understand this strategy, concerning drought preparedness, as a tool able to increase the adaptability and resilience of the political process. In this regard, we present the experiences accumulated by the State of Ceara in drought management processes showing a...

Gerenciamento de riscos de desastres como um processo para criar caminhos resilientes ao clima: lições aprendidas de Cabo Verde

Research in the field of Global Environmental Governance (GEG) pays considerable attention to the emergence of New Governance Mechanisms (NGM). NGM poses profound challenges to governments and institutions in the Developed and Developing world alike, corresponding to new ways of participation. This article seeks to contribute to the debates on NGM by analyzing a municipal-level environmental governance scheme based on deforestation-free commitments emerged in 2011, in Brazil, that has successfully helped to reduce deforestation in the participant municipalities; the Programa Municípios Verdes (PMV). We also shed some lights on the risks represented by promises of changes in federal environmental legislation by the newly elected government of Brazil. It is secondary research based on official data analysis that provided a cost-effective way of gaining a broad understanding of the integration of multi-level climate change mitigation and adaptation policies as well as a report of the governance of policy instruments in local governance schemes. Methodologically we rely on the method of content analysis, based on the study of the PMV Statistical Database, that gives visibility to a broad range of environmental, social, and territorial data and information for the 144 municipalities of the Pará State, through six different types of official reports.

Well established institutions are an essential factor for the successful realization of sustainable socio-economic and environmental potential in Semi-Arid Lands (SALs). SALs receive limited attention in international climate research and policies; thus, the institutional relationship between governance, policy, and implementation continues to suffer from inconsistencies across governance levels. This research carried out an analysis combining mixed-research methods to collect, record, and analyze data and information regarding institutional and organizational strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and local level policy implementation challenges and scope to assess the effectiveness of Disaster Risk Management (DRM) and implementation of adaptation policies at State and local levels in SALs. The inefficiencies observed in the DRM/CCA adaptation processes are concentrated in areas of high governance of state and municipal governments and stem from local communities' reduced organizational and technical capacity. It results in the negligent application of measures and resources to address climate risks. Therefore, this paper contributes to the increasing understanding of the institutional framework's role in the facilitation of local adaptation, revealing what seems to be working well, what is not, how things could improve in Brazilian SALs.