This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

No abstract

The projected impact of global warming on coffee production may require the heatadapted genotypes in the next decades. To identify cellular strategies in response to warmer temperatures, we compared the effect of elevated temperature on two commercial Coffea arabica L. genotypes exploring leaf physiology, transcriptome, and carbohydrate/protein composition. Growth temperatures were 23/19°C (day/night), as optimal condition (OpT), and 30/26°C (day/night) as a possible warmer scenario (WaT). The cv. Acauã showed lower levels of leaf temperature (Tleaf) under both conditions compared to cv. Catuaı, whereas slightly or no differences for other leaf physiological parameters. Therefore, to explore temperature responsive pathways the leaf transcriptome was examined using RNAseq. Genotypes showed a marked number of differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) under OpT, however DEGs strongly decrease in both at WaT condition indicating a transcriptional constraint. DEGs responsive to WaT revealed shared and genotype-specific genes mostly related to carbohydrate metabolism. Under OpT, leaf starch content was greater in cv. Acauã and, as WaT temperature was imposed, the leaf soluble sugar did not change in contrast to cv. Catuaı, although the levels of leaf starch, sucrose, and leaf protein decreased in both genotypes. These findings revealed intraspecific differences in the underlying transcriptional and metabolic interconnected pathways responsive to warmer temperatures, which is potentially linked to thermotolerance, and thus may be useful as biomarkers in breeding for a changing climate.

Potassium fertilizer and irrigation management in the progress of fungal diseases and yield of watermelonAmong the major diseases of watermelon, gummy stem blight (Didymella bryoniae) and downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) stand out because they cause great losses in productivity and fruit quality. To investigate the influence of potassium fertilization on the progress of gummy stem blight and yield of watermelon and the influence of the water depth and the interval of irrigation in the progress of mildew, two assays were carried out under field conditions in Gurupi, Tocantins state, Brazil, in 2009 and 2010. The assay I was carried out in blocks and the treatments consisted of three doses of potassium applied (0, 50 and 100 kg/ha using KCl) and 12 replications. We evaluated the severity of gummy stem blight through a scale and the production data and fruit quality. In the assay II, we used a randomized complete block design with four replications in a factorial 3 x 3, three irrigation levels (100, 300 and 500 mm of water during the crop cycle) and three irrigation intervals. We evaluated the severity of downy mildew addition, the production and fruit quality. Doses of potassium did not affect the progress of gummy stem blight and the number, weight and fruit quality. The irrigation applied influenced the progress of downy mildew. Higher levels of severity of downy mildew were observed in plants cultivated under irrigation with levels of 500 mm of water. The amount of water applied also significantly influenced the production and fruit quality. We observed the presence of more crooked or deformed fruits in plants kept under water using a level of 100 mm. The highest total and marketable yield were obtained in plants irrigated with the level of 500 mm of water.

No abstract