Um estudo experimental e teórico da interação que ocorre num sistema rio-aqüífero foi realizado. A parte experimental consiste da liberação de um pulso de água de um reservatório e medição dos níveis d´água do rio e do aluvião adjacente, de forma a determinar o gradiente hidráulico entre ambos. A parte teórica consiste em analisar a interação rioaqüífero no regime transiente por meio de um programa computacional, doravante denominado STLK1, desenvolvido por DeSimone e Barlow do United States Geological Survey (USGS). Tal programa faz uso da Transformada de Laplace e do conceito de Integral de Convolução na resolução analítica das equações que descrevem o sistema rio-aqüífero. O modelo analítico é usado então para estimar propriedades hidráulicas do aqüífero, aqüitarde e da margem do rio, avaliar as condições hidrológicas no aqüífero, estimar o fluxo d´água no sistema rio-aqüífero e o volume armazenado no aqüífero resultante da onda de cheia. Os resultados de carga hidráulica e fluxo são comparados com resultados obtidos com o programa computacional MODFLOW. A análise realizada mostrou a aplicabilidade do programa STLK1, além de levar a um melhor conhecimento da dinâmica da interação rio-aqüífero no Semi-Árido brasileiro.

ABSTRACT. Educational actionswith people living with chronic conditions, especially Diabetes mellitus, are a challenge and a necessary strategy in Primary Care, in view of the glycemic balance, the prevention of complications and the improvement of the quality of life. This study aimed to analyze nurse training in educational actions developed in Primary Care with people living with Diabetes mellitus. A qualitative research was conducted with 28 nurses of Primary Care, in Teresina, state of Piauí, Brazil. Data were collected from April to June 2015 through interviews and analyzed by the collective subject discourse technique. The construction of the results was based on four sequential questions made in the interviews, from which emerged 15 central ideas: lectures, group orientation, nursing consultation and home care; theoretical knowledge, practical knowledge, technical knowledge and expertise knowledge; few materials and infrastructure in the basic unit, lack of professional teamwork, reduced workload and little awareness of teachers; and promotion of care and and self-care, family support and prevention of complications. In the analysis of the discourses, it was possible to conclude about the need for Permanent Health Education in Primary Care.Keywords: primary health care, health education, Diabetes mellitus, nursing.Formação do enfermeiro na atenção básica: ações educativas com pessoas que vivem com Diabetes mellitus RESUMO. As ações educativas com pessoas que vivem com condições crônicas, em especial com Diabetes mellitus, apresentam-se como um desafio e uma estratégia necessária na Atenção Básica, tendo em vista o equilíbrio glicêmico, a prevenção de complicações e a melhoria da qualidade de vida. Neste estudo objetivou-se analisar a formação do enfermeiro sobre ações educativas desenvolvidas na Atenção Básica com pessoas que vivem com Diabetes mellitus. Realizou-se pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, com 28 enfermeiros da Atenção Básica, em Teresina, Piauí, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados de abril a junho de 2015, por meio de entrevistas e analisados pelo discurso do sujeito coletivo. A construção dos resultados foi realizada com base nas quatro questões sequenciais realizadas nas entrevistas, das quais emergiram 15 ideias centrais: palestras, orientação em grupo, consulta de enfermagem e atendimento domiciliar; conhecimento teórico, conhecimento prático, conhecimento técnico e conhecimento especializado; poucos materiais e infraestrutura na unidade básica, ausência da atuação de profissionais em equipe, carga horária reduzida e pouca sensibilização dos professores; e, promoção de cuidado e autocuidado, apoio familiar e prevenção de complicações. Na análise dos discursos dos enfermeiros, foi possível concluir sobre a necessidade de Educação Permanente em Saúde na Atenção Básica.Palavras-chave: atenção primária em saúde, educação em saúde, Diabetes mellitus, enfermagem.

Introduction Despite the known benefits of early treatment initiation for individual morbidity and mortality, as well as for reducing the risk of transmission, late presentation (LP) to HIV/AIDS services remains a major concern in many countries. There is little information on LP from middle and low-income countries and studies that do evaluate LP commonly disaggregate data by sex. It is rare, however, for researchers to further disaggregate the data by pregnancy status so it remains unclear if pregnancy status modifies the effects associated with sex. Methods The study was conducted at the only State Reference Center for HIV/AIDS in Salvador, Brazil’s third largest city. LP was defined as a patient accessing services with a CD4<350 cells/mm3. Data were abstracted from the electronic medical records of 1421 patients presenting between 2007 and 2009. CD4 counts and viral load (VL) information was validated with data from the National CD4/VL Database. Descriptive and bivariate statistics were conducted to inform the multivariate analysis. Adjusted prevalence ratios (APR) were estimated using generalized linear models due to the high frequency of the outcome. Results Half of the sample (52.5%; n=621) was classified as LP. Compared to the prevalence among pregnant women (21.1%), the prevalence of LP was more than twice as high among non-pregnant women (56.0%) and among men (55.4%). The multivariate analysis demonstrated no statistical difference between men and non-pregnant women (APR 1.04; 95%CI 0.92–1.19), but the APR of LP for non-pregnant women was 53% less than men (APR 0.47; 95%CI 0.33–0.68). Conclusion These results highlight the importance of analyzing data disaggregated not only by sex but also by pregnancy status to accurately identify the risk factors associated with LP so that programs and policies can effectively and efficiently address LP in Brazil and beyond.

This paper aims to survey intervention studies aimed at children with low weight / malnutrition and overweight / obesity. This is an integrative review, performed in December 2018. It was performed in six steps: definition of the guiding question; selection of scientific articles to be reviewed, categorization and evaluation of these studies. The results show the importance of a food distribution program for malnourished children, and physical exercise and nutritional guidance for obese children. As well as multidisciplinary intervention programs involving children and families. It is concluded that nutritional interventions are of fundamental importance for the prevention and / or treatment of food deficiencies or excesses.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To verify the relationship of intermittent fasting in the bodyweight of overweight and obese individuals through a systematic literature review. METHODS This is a systematic review based on randomized controlled trials. The articles were consulted in the databases: Science Direct, PubMed e BVS. This review was evaluated through the PRISMA recommendation. RESULTS After the selection process, four articles were included in this review, comparing intermittent fasting (IF) with calorie restriction diet (CRD) as a control group. In 2 studies using similar protocols, there was no significant reduction in body weight of overweight or obese subjects. In the other two studies using different protocols, weight loss was significant in the IF group compared to the CRD group. CONCLUSIONS Results did not provide evidence of the effect of intermittent fasting on weight loss in overweight or obese individuals.