No abstract

Celiac disease is the total and permanent intolerance to proteins (prolamines) present in wheat, oats, barley and rye that causes villous atrophy of the small intestinal mucosa causing a deficient nutrient absorption. It is induced by the intake of gluten, which is a protein rich in glutamine and proline residues. Gliadin is the alcohol-soluble fraction of gluten and contains most of the toxic products. These peptides cross the epithelial barrier of the intestine when there is an increase in permeability in that area, reacting with the cells present triggers an inflammatory response measured by helper T lymphocytes type 1. People with Down syndrome present certain risks and health problems of this syndrome that require precise actions to guarantee the full development and use of the abilities of each person with this syndrome. The greater knowledge of the risks associated with this condition allows knowing what alterations may appear and at what time or stage of the patient's life, being possible to add a group of preventive activities as well as explorations that seek to correct, alleviate or avoid health problems of these patients. The clinical history and clinical examination are the basis to guide the diagnosis in relation to primary care, endoscopy of the upper digestive tract, the gastroenterologist will examine the intestine and take a biopsy to see if there are signs of celiac disease. The therapeutic regimen consists of a strict gluten-free diet that the patient must maintain throughout his life, obtaining the disappearance of the clinical symptoms and the normalization of the intestinal mucosa, avoiding the possible late complications derived from the consumption of gluten. Any product containing wheat, oats, barley, rye and all its derivatives from the diet of the celiac patient will be excluded. The methodology used is descriptive, with a documentary approach, that is, to review sources available on the web, such as academic google, with timely and relevant content from a scientific point of view that enriches the analysis of the topic raised in this article.