Vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 223-232, enero-junio 2018 Revista UIS Ingenierías RESUMENEn esta investigación se realiza la modelación tridimensional del miembro residual de un amputado transfemoral que incluye la piel, el tejido graso, el músculo y el fémur residual. Se establecen las condiciones de carga para la fase de apoyo durante el ciclo de la marcha normal, la bipedestación y la marcha por escaleras de un amputado transfemoral de 88 kg y una estatura de 1.7 m. Se realizó un análisis de la incidencia de las condiciones de carga sobre los esfuerzos y deformaciones en el tejido muscular, para establecer su influencia sobre la generación de úlceras por presión internas en el miembro residual del amputado. Del análisis se obtuvo que el esfuerzo a compresión promedio más alto es cercano a 18.6 kPa y la deformación promedio más alta a compresión es de 56.8 %, esto sucede cuando se realiza marcha por escaleras o superficies inclinadas. La mayor concentración de esfuerzo y deformación se presenta en la zona distal del fémur residual en el tejido muscular. PALABRAS CLAVE:Úlceras por presión; úlceras por presión internas; UP; UPI; amputado transfemoral; elementos finitos; EF; biomecánica. ABSTRACTIn this research, three-dimensional modeling of the residual limb of a transfemoral amputee is performed, which includes skin, fat tissue, muscle and residual femur. The loading conditions are established for the support phase during the normal gait cycle, the standing and walking through stairs of a transfemoral amputee of 88 kg and a height of 1.7 m. An analysis of the incidence of load conditions on the stresses and deformations in muscle tissue was made to establish its influence on the development of deep tissue injuries (DTI) in the residual limb of the amputee. From the analysis it was obtained that the average compressive stress is close to 18.6 kPa and the highest average strain at compression is 56.8%, it happens when the individual is walking through stairs or slope. The maximum concentration of stress and strain occurs in the distal area of the residual femur in muscle tissue.
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