Reconhecendo que são crescentes as pressões no sentido da reversão do paradigma ainda relativamente insulado de produção da política exterior do Brasil, bem como a sua ampla repercussão doméstica hoje, este trabalho busca: (a) analisar os fatores, tanto domésticos como internacionais, que, a partir da redemocratização do país e das mudanças sistêmicas provocadas pelo fim da Guerra Fria, têm pressionado o Itamaraty no sentido da superação de seu insulamento; e (b) avaliar os instrumentos que têm sido empregados pelo Ministério das Relações Exteriores para a promoção da coordenação intragovernamental (no interior do Executivo) e intergovernamental (entre o Executivo federal e os governos subnacionais), bem como da cooperação intersetorial (governo federal e atores societários), na produção da política externa do país.

No abstract

Commons IGO 3.0 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC-IGO BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo/legalcode) and may be reproduced with attribution to the IDB and for any non-commercial purpose. No derivative work is allowed.Any dispute related to the use of the works of the IDB that cannot be settled amicably shall be submitted to arbitration pursuant to the UNCITRAL rules. The use of the IDB's name for any purpose other than for attribution, and the use of IDB's logo shall be subject to a separate written license agreement between the IDB and the user and is not authorized as part of this CC-IGO license. At present, macro-fiscal policy faces significant regional challenges. Fiscal risks associated with contingent liabilities related to social security; public pensions; public-private partnerships; natural disasters; subnational government finances; volatile revenues, particularly in natural resource rich countries; and modest growth in developed countries must be made transparent through the sharing of PFM information. While there may be considerable heterogeneity across Latin American countries, there are widespread efforts toward fiscal discipline and sustainable levels of public debt, as well as concern regarding these risks in the medium and long term.In response to this scenario, most countries in the region have embarked on reforms to improve their financial management performance indicators; better integrate cash and debt management; further improve liquidity management through more efficient treasury single accounts; apply international public sector accounting standards; implement public sector cost management; further integrate financial management information systems;and incorporate more transparent and efficient public procurement. The objectives of these reforms are to allocate and use public financial resources more efficiently, effectively, and transparently; measure and manage fiscal risks; and improve the formulation of fiscal and public management policies, based on reliable, comprehensive, and timely financial information.Together, the IDB and the IMF remain committed to assist the countries of Latin America with the design and implementation of efficient PFM systems to strengthen their institutions. We hope that this book will contribute to this endeavor. These reforms and associated challenges matter, in any event, since they are part of the comprehensive effort of governments to meet the demands of citizens for better public services and more solid and transparent fiscal institutions. Governments must allocate and use public resources more efficiently if they wish to succeed in tackling the increasingly complex and uncertain global environment. PFM is the key to achieving these goals. Santiago Levy Vitor GasparThe work of the IDB's Institutions for Development Department focuses on assisting governments to strengthen public sector institutions so that they can achieve these goals. The Department's specialists have provided valuable advice an...

ative Commons IGO 3.0 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC-IGO BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo/legalcode) and may be reproduced with attribution to the IDB and for any non-commercial purpose. No derivative work is allowed.Any dispute related to the use of the works of the IDB that cannot be settled amicably shall be submitted to arbitration pursuant to the UNCITRAL rules. The use of the IDB's name for any purpose other than for attribution, and the use of the IDB's logo shall be subject to a separate written license agreement between the IDB and the user and is not authorized as part of this CC-IGO license.Note that the link provided above includes additional terms and conditions of the license The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Inter-American Development Bank, its Board of Directors, or the countries they represent. List of Tables Table 1: LAC Countries with the Best Performance in the PET Pillars, 2007 Foreword T here is consensus among government officials and the public at large regarding the urgency of improving the efficiency (doing more with less), effectiveness (doing what is promised), and openness (being transparent and accountable) of public management.As the authors of this book maintain, the capacity of public institutions to implement results-based public management has grown stronger in recent years. The study finds a widespread trend toward improvement, but with significant differences among countries and among public management systems. The index that measures the public sector's capacity for resultsoriented management rose by 20 percent between 2007 and 2013. Of the 24 countries studied, 9 substantially increased their institutional management capabilities, while the rest implemented measures in some of the areas addressed by this study but showed only moderate progress.The actions undertaken have included broad-based reforms, such as the strengthening of national planning systems in the Dominican Republic and the implementation of results-based budgeting in Mexico and Peru. Other more narrowly focused, but equally important, interventions have been carried out, such as optimization of public procurement systems by introducing lowest-price or reverse auctions in Paraguay, and reinforcing integrated financial management systems in Honduras. In addition, it is clear that the reforms have been undertaken not only by the countries that have traditionally led initiatives to improve public management, but also by others, regardless of the size of their economies and degree of development.These topics are not only of interest to public managers or administrators. They will also resonate with legislative branches, academic institutions, the media, and civil society organizations because they are geared to increasing government capacity to create public value and satisfy citizen demands. Building Effective GovernmentsThis book is another contribution of the I...

Commons IGO 3.0 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC-IGO BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo/legalcode) and may be reproduced with attribution to the IDB and for any non-commercial purpose. No derivative work is allowed.Any dispute related to the use of the works of the IDB that cannot be settled amicably shall be submitted to arbitration pursuant to the UNCITRAL rules. The use of the IDB's name for any purpose other than for attribution, and the use of IDB's logo shall be subject to a separate written license agreement between the IDB and the user and is not authorized as part of this CC-IGO license. At present, macro-fiscal policy faces significant regional challenges. Fiscal risks associated with contingent liabilities related to social security; public pensions; public-private partnerships; natural disasters; subnational government finances; volatile revenues, particularly in natural resource rich countries; and modest growth in developed countries must be made transparent through the sharing of PFM information. While there may be considerable heterogeneity across Latin American countries, there are widespread efforts toward fiscal discipline and sustainable levels of public debt, as well as concern regarding these risks in the medium and long term.In response to this scenario, most countries in the region have embarked on reforms to improve their financial management performance indicators; better integrate cash and debt management; further improve liquidity management through more efficient treasury single accounts; apply international public sector accounting standards; implement public sector cost management; further integrate financial management information systems;and incorporate more transparent and efficient public procurement. The objectives of these reforms are to allocate and use public financial resources more efficiently, effectively, and transparently; measure and manage fiscal risks; and improve the formulation of fiscal and public management policies, based on reliable, comprehensive, and timely financial information.Together, the IDB and the IMF remain committed to assist the countries of Latin America with the design and implementation of efficient PFM systems to strengthen their institutions. We hope that this book will contribute to this endeavor. These reforms and associated challenges matter, in any event, since they are part of the comprehensive effort of governments to meet the demands of citizens for better public services and more solid and transparent fiscal institutions. Governments must allocate and use public resources more efficiently if they wish to succeed in tackling the increasingly complex and uncertain global environment. PFM is the key to achieving these goals. Santiago Levy Vitor GasparThe work of the IDB's Institutions for Development Department focuses on assisting governments to strengthen public sector institutions so that they can achieve these goals. The Department's specialists have provided valuable advice an...