We provide a list of amphibian and squamate species collected in the Raso da Catarina Ecological Station, Bahia state, Brazil, during two distinct periods. An initial visual inventory of amphibians was conducted monthly from March 2010 to February 2011, using transects in a forest and temporary ponds. The second inventory was conducted over a 30-day period between March and April, 2012, when 37 pitfall trap arrays, each consisting of four buckets and supplementary glue traps, were set in low scrub and forest, complemented by opportunistic searches. A total of 19 lizard species, two amphisbaenians, 21 frogs, and 11 snakes were recorded during the study. New records for the protected area include 10 lizards, one amphisbaenian, 15 amphibians, and 11 snakes (36 species in total). Several species typical of the Atlantic Forest were collected, reflecting the potential influence of this biome, especially in the sampled forest habitats (Mata da Pororoca).

Only three of the 12 recognized species of Trachycephalus Tschudi (Frost 2011) present an occipital crest— Trachycephalus atlas Bokermann, T. nigromaculatus Tschudi, and T. jordani (Stejneger and Test). The latter species is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Trachycephalus nigromaculatus is found in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, and southern Bahia states, while T. atlas is restricted primarily to the Caatinga of the Brazilian Northeast (Frost 2011), but overlaps with T. nigromaculatus in the Atlantic Forest of southern Bahia. The two species can be differentiated by the more pronounced posterior cephalic plate, wider inter-orbital distance, and lower and wider head in T. atlas (Bokermann 1966). Herein we describe the acoustic characteristics of advertisement call of T. atlas and compared with other Trachycephalus species.

A new locality is presented for Dendropsophus novaisi in the municipality of Jeremoabo, Bahia, in the Brazilian northeast. This new site represents the first record of the species within a conservation unit, the Raso da Catarina Ecological Station, and extends its known geographic range approximately 436 km north and west of the type locality.