A través de una planeación estratégica, el desarrollo sustentable puede aplicarse a empresas que estén interesadas en ser ejemplos de sustentabilidad. El modelo de innovación tecnológica sustentable (ITS) considera cuatro dimensiones, ambiental, económica, social e institucional, cuyo desarrollo conduce a la sustentabilidad de la empresa. En el caso de una industria minera, se aplicó este modelo para identificar la dimensión que requiere atención inmediata y que esté encaminada a la toma de decisiones y acciones en el corto plazo. Para ello se tomaron en cuenta seis sectores de la empresa: líderes de la organización, área de compras, colaboradores, comunidad, clientes y consumidores. Los resultados muestran que entre los sectores no existe una preferencia hacia alguna de las cuatro dimensiones, es así que la toma de decisiones puede iniciar en cualquiera de ellas; además, los resultados estadísticos muestran que cada dimensión depende, a su vez, de una o dos dimensiones más para mostrar resultados positivos en el desarrollo sustentable. Este resultado confirma una de las propuestas del modelo de innovación tecnológica que establece una relación interdependiente entre las cuatro dimensiones.
In this paper we are describing a green cycle process. The first step was a novel hydrotalcite-like compound (HTLC) synthesized by a co-precipitating method, under standard ambient temperature and pressure, using chemical industry wastewater rich in divalent and trivalent cations, activated by a thermal treatment and finally characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The second step was a series of batch sorption tests performed with this activated HTLC and untreated underground sulfurous water from the state of Puebla, México. The HTLC calcined at 500˚C/3 h exhibited the best sorption ability for ions, demonstrated a decrease of the hardness and sulfate ions to below the regional legal standards for drinking water. Once inactive after being used in water treatment, the sorbed ions were removed by ion exchange in a carbonate-containing solution, resulting in an 80% recycling of the material which upon activation demonstrated a retained capacity for water treatment. This recyclability suggests the exciting possibility of this novel compound as an efficient "green" technology in water treatment processes.
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