Background and aims: Depression and cognitive disorders were reported more frequently in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Our aim was to analyze the association of cognitive disorders and depression association with chronic complications of DM in a group of Romanian patients. Materials and methods: The data was analyzed from 181 patients, with a mean age of 58,3 years to whom we applied the MMSE (Mini- Mental State Examination) and MADRS (Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale) questionnaires. We also analyzed the presence of chronic DM complications, HbA1c and lipid profile. Results: Most patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) had mild cognitive impairment (92%), more common in the age group 50-59 years. Chronic macrovascular complications were present in 74.58%, while chronic microvascular complications were present in 61.87% of patients with T2DM who associated mild and moderate cognitive impairment (p = 0.013). The most common form of depression was mild depression (90.2%), present in most patients with DM, regardless of progression and type of treatment. MADRS depression test scores were statistically significant correlated with the presence of peripheral artery disease - PAD (p <0.001), ischemic heart disease - IHD (p <0.001) and chronic kidney disease - CKD (p =0.05). We did not find a statistically significant correlation with HbA1c and serum lipid values (p˃0,05). Conclusion: Chronic diabetes macrovascular complications (PAD, IHD) and CKD were more frequently associated with cognitive disorders and depression in patients with T2DM independent of the degree of metabolic control.

Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have an increased lifetime risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). GDM has a substantial impact on maternal and foetal short and long-term health. Risk factors for GDM may be genetic or nongenetic and have been analysed in numerous studies. Researches in recent years allowed the identification of other risk factors for GDM except for those already known.Knowledge and identification of all risk factors for GDM allows the elaboration of a prevention strategy of T2DM, it may influence the screening, diagnosis, and, subsequently, treatment modalities for this disease. key words: gestational diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, risk factors

Depression increases the risk of diabetes but depressive symptoms are more common in type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients with micro- and macrovascular complications. Women with diabetes should be also closely monitored for signs of postpartum depression that may be difficult to distinguish from the normal sequelae of childbirth. For people who have diabetes and depression, treating depression can raise quality of life and increase blood glucose control. Comorbid depression and diabetes represent a major public health challenge through increased health care consumption and health care expenditure. Coordinated clinical care requires the implementation of effective strategies to increase the recognition of depression and the adoption of evidence-based interventions. Studies examining mechanisms and interventions are necessary.

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