RESUMEN El compromiso de los estudiantes con el aprendizaje y la escuela es el principal reto para aquellos centros en cuya misión está la integración escolar de alumnos con antecedentes de fracaso escolar. Los hallazgos precedentes subrayan que el apoyo social determina el compromiso de los estudiantes y su integración en la vida del centro, existiendo evidencias que sugieren que esta determinación está moderada por rasgos personales como el género y el estadio de desarrollo. No obstante, faltan estudios que ayuden a comprender el efecto sinérgico entre los sistemas de apoyo y el compromiso. Este estudio utilizó el análisis de ecuaciones estructurales con una población de estudiantes (N=193) en un IES de segunda oportunidad con el objetivo de conocer los efectos sinérgicos (y sus relaciones) del apoyo familiar y escolar sobre el compromiso de los estudiantes, probando el efecto moderador de la edad y el género. Los resultados mostraron una influencia indirecta de la familia sobre el compromiso de los estudiantes, mediada por el apoyo del centro. Del mismo modo, el efecto moderador de la edad y el género de los estudiantes fue relativamente significativo. Los hallazgos aportan (a) evidencia empírica de la influencia simultánea y mediada del apoyo familiar y escolar sobre la mejora de la conducta de alumnos con antecedentes de inadaptación escolar, y (b) muestran que a medida que los alumnos avanzan en la adolescencia la influencia del apoyo familiar decrece en este tipo de centros.ABSTRACTThe engagement of students is the main challenge for those centers whose mission is the integration of students with a history of school failure. The previous findings emphasize that social support determines the engagement of students and their integration in the life of the center, and there is evidence to suggest that this determination is moderated by personal traits such as gender and stage of development. However, studies that help to understand the synergic effect between support systems and engagement are lacking. This study used the analysis of structural equations with a student population (N = 193) in a secondary school in order to know the synergistic effects (and their relationships) of family and school support on student engagement, testing the moderating effect of age and gender. The results showed an indirect influence of the family on the engagement of the students, mediated by the school support. Also the moderating effect of the age and gender of the students was relatively significant. The findings provide (a) empirical evidence of the simultaneous and mediated influence of family and school support on improving the behavior of students with a history of school maladjustment, and (b) show that as students advance in adolescence the influence of family support decreases in this type of centers.
Resumen: Este estudio de caso se realizó en un centro de educación secundaria y compensación educativa, y su objetivo fue identifi car la medida en la que los apoyos familiares, escolares y de aula condicionan el compromiso de los estudiantes. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a 20 profesores y se contextualizaron los constructos recogidos desde la literatura académica. A continuación, se utilizó esta información para elaborar los cuestionarios, que se aplicaron a la totalidad de los estudiantes. Los datos mostraron un efecto preponderante del apoyo en el aula, sugiriendo que las acciones del profesorado en este tipo de centros, transcienden los límites del aula.Palabras clave: Compromiso académico, Apoyo familiar y escolar, Educación secundaria, Compensación educativa.Abstract: The paper presents a case study of a school of educational compensation, at the level of secondary education. The objective is to identify the extent to which family, school and classroom supports determine the engagement of students. First, in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 professors, and the constructs collected from the academic literature were contextualized. Secondly, this information was used to elaborate (adapt) the questionnaires, which were applied to all the students. The data showed a predominant effect of the support in the classroom, suggesting that the actions of the teaching staff in this type of schools transcend the boundaries of the classroom.
educativas en el ámbito universitario, entendido como agente promotor de salud. Mediante un cuestionario aplicado a una muestra de más de seiscientos sujetos, en la prueba de conocimiento, la desinformación de cuestiones capitales -como, las de elaborar y desarrollar propuestas formativas que mejoren las competencias en esta materia de estos estudiantes, que además serán futuros educadores en ámbitos escolares y sociales. Palabras clave: Promoción de la salud; Docentes; VIH/SIDA; Universidad. AbstractThis research presents some of the results on University of Huelva Education Degrees students' knowledge towards the HIV/ AIDS, regarding the degree and quality of their knowledge of the disease. Thank to them, we have been able to explore and identify the effects of the absence or lack of veracious information La Prevención del VIH/SIDA… -C. M.A.Cejudo y C.Corchuelo and, consequently, to propose educational actions in the University sphere, which is viewed as a health promotion agent. By means of a questionnaire applied to a sample of over six hundred subjects we managed to discover that, half of them issues -like ways of transmission of the HIV -remains. In short, our analysis evokes the need to elaborate and develop educational proposals, which would improve the students' competencies in this matter, these students being future education professionals in the school and social spheres.
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