No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

High volume application of wood ash as a soil amendment in forested areas may introduce toxic elements to these ecosystems. Column studies were conducted under unsaturated conditions to determine As and Cr leachability in wood ashamended soil columns. Three treatments were used in columns 1.8 cm diameter and 20 cm long: (a) ash alone, (b) ash mixed with topsoil at 900 Mg ha -1 application rate, and (c) ash mixed with topsoil overlying a spodic horizon. Water, humic, fulvic, and a mixture of humic and fulvic acids were also used to leach ash in separate columns. Leachate concentrations of organic carbon, Cl -, As, and Cr and pH were determined. There was higher As and Cr leaching in the water-leached ash and soil-ash columns than in the acid-leached ash columns. The lower Cr leaching in HA-leached columns was due to the high reaction between Cr and HA. There was also lower dissolved organic carbon (DOC) leached in the acid-leached ash columns due to possible flocculation. Mixing ash with soil led to a higher increase in Cr leaching than As, which flocculated with DOC in the columns. High ash pH dissolved OC but high ionic strength led to DOC-oxyanion flocculation in this study.

La digitalización del profesorado universitario es un aspecto que ha cobrado especial relevancia en los últimos meses, de forma más concreta en el ámbito sanitario. Las clases presenciales se han visto canceladas y sustituidas por docencia online de una manera abrupta a causa de la crisis sanitaria acontecida. A ello se suma la elevada carga asistencial que han asumido todos los profesionales sanitarios. Varios de los hospitales del grupo Quirónsalud en Madrid desarrollan gran parte del plan académico del Grado de Medicina de la Universidad Europea y, debido a las circunstancias derivadas de la pandemia, su docencia ha tenido que transformarse, usando herramientas digitales que permitieran llevar a cabo tanto la labor docente como el arduo trabajo hospitalario de forma simultánea. Este artículo presenta los datos de la docencia llevada a cabo, así como las iniciativas que se han puesto en marcha desde marzo de 2020, con la finalidad de analizar la adaptación del claustro médico docente del grupo Quirónsalud a la situación acaecida. La utilización de herramientas asíncronas ha favorecido el trabajo autónomo del estudiante y la compatibilización de la actividad asistencial y la docencia en los hospitales mediante iniciativas como clases síncronas online, seminarios grabados y presentaciones locutadas, entre otras. The digitalization of university teaching staff is an aspect that has taken on special relevance in recent months, especially in the field of healthcare. Face-to-face classes have been abruptly cancelled and replaced by online teaching due to the health crisis. In addition, all the health care providers have taken on the burden of providing care, making it compatible with the virtual classes. Several Quirónsalud groups hospitals carry out part of the academic plan for the degree in Medicine at the European University. However, the teaching has had to be transformed, using digital tools that allow the teaching work and the arduous hospital work to be blended. This article presents the data on the teaching carried out and the initiatives that have been implemented since March 2020 with the aim of analyzing the adaptation of the medical teaching staff of the Quirónsalud group to the situation that has occurred. The use of asynchronous tools has favored the autonomous work of the student and the compatibility of healthcare activity and teaching in hospitals through initiatives such as online synchronous classes, recorded seminars and spoken presentations, among others.