This paper studies dynamic responses of employment and GDP growth to a permanent, unitary shock in the housing capital stock for the Spanish economy. It quantifies the importance of this variable in the boom experienced by the Spanish economy during the pre-crisis years. Results confirm that building industry has been the most important engine for output and labour growth. RESUMENEn este trabajo se estudia la respuesta dinámica del crecimiento del empleo y del PIB de la economía española ante un choque permanente unitario en el stock de capital vivienda. Se cuantifica la importancia del capital vivienda en el boom económico experimentado en los años anteriores de la crisis actual. Los resultados confirman que la industria de la construcción ha sido el acicate más importante para el crecimiento del empleo y del PIB.
Resilient crop-livestock production systems become crucial to face environmental challenges such as climate mitigation. Progress in the SDG 2.4.1 indicator (proportion of agricultural area under productive and sustainable agriculture) requires robustness, adaptability, and transformation. Most literature considers gender equality and crops livestock investment as drivers to environmental sustainability. In Cosculluela-Martínez (2020), the productivity and the employing capacity of the investment in agricultural capital stock has been analyzed. However, nobody has examined the long and short-run effects on climate change and the gender gap of investing in the crop-livestock production system’s assets. In this paper, the investment’s empowerment is assessed by estimating the impact of an investment in capital stock on climate, gender gap drop-down, and production through a Vector Error Correction Model. To reduce the gender gap in the agricultural sector in 8 of the 11 countries. Policy and implications of different weights in the distribution of the investment of European Funds are discussed.
Investment in every type of asset increases GDP and net employment differently. This paper compares the effect produced by a permanent unitary shock in Sustainable Knowledge for the Primary Sector (SKPS) on the Spanish employment and GDP growth with the effect produced by the other fourteen capital stock types. The methodology used is a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), where the complementary capital can affect SKPS instantaneously. The results suggest that SKPS produces the second-highest, short and long-term effects on both labor and production, per Euro invested; moreover, the investment of 4.3 thousand euros is retrieved in the first year and increases net employment in one person after four years. Accordingly, the 5 million Euro Budget to invest in sustainable machinery and processing techniques increases net employment by 827 employees.
Introducción. La relación entre el empoderamiento de la mujer y el desarrollo social es compleja y la utilización de una metodología matemática puede permitir un análisis más pormenorizado. Objetivos. Este trabajo pretende aportar nuevas evidencias de esa relación a través de índices bursátiles ligados con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible 2030 y con el papel de la mujer en las empresas que cotizan en bolsa. Las exigencias de transparencia en este tipo de compañías hacen más visible las políticas corporativas de ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) e impulso del papel de la mujer, lo que las hace propicias para el estudio académico. Metodología. De este modo, se han utilizado los índices bursátiles de iSTOXX relativos a los factores ESG de aspectos sociales y de gobernanza, y el índice STOXX® Global Women Leadership Select 30 EUR Index como indicador de empoderamiento de la mujer. Para estimar dicha relación se ha utilizado una metodología de Vector de Corrección de Error que requiere un número mínimo de supuestos a priori y no es necesario especificar un modelo econométrico estructural multiecuacional completo. El modelo propuesto determina la significatividad de las correlaciones entre las series consideradas consiguiéndose una ortogonalización parcial que es suficiente para estimar los efectos buscados. Resultados. Los resultados obtenidos sostienen que el empoderamiento de la mujer incrementa el aspecto social y de gobernanza de las empresas que cotizan en bolsa. Conclusión. Estas nuevas evidencias reafirman la necesidad de mantener políticas corporativas activas para apoyar el empoderamiento de la mujer.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.