RESUMO. Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada no Rio de Janeiro e discute mudanças nas trajetórias de vida de mulheres das classes médias nas últimas décadas. Foram entrevistadas sobre seus projetos de vida dez mulheres pertencentes a duas gerações. Todas as entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas na íntegra. Os textos resultantes das transcrições foram submetidos a uma análise de discurso. O estudo indicou que o aprofundamento do individualismo na vida social contemporânea vem alterando os projetos de vida dos indivíduos. As trajetórias de vida das mulheres são hoje menos padronizadas; trabalho, profissão e independência financeira são temas que têm ganhado relevância nos seus projetos. Nesse contexto, a identidade feminina é cada vez menos influenciada pelos papéis familiares tradicionais. Palavras-chave: Mulher; trajetória de vida; identidade.

International audienc

Current archaeological paradigm proposes that the first peopling of the Americas does not exceed the Last Glacial Maximum period. In this context, the acceptance of the anthropogenic character of the earliest stone artefacts generally rests on the presence of projectile points considered no more as typocentric but as typognomonic, since it allows, by itself, to certify the human character of the other associated artefacts. In other words, without this presence, nothing is certain. Archaeological research at Piauí (Brazil) attests to a Pleistocene human presence between 41 and 14 cal kyr BP, without any record of lithic projectile points. Here, we report the discovery and interpretation of an unusual stone artefact in the Vale da Pedra Furada site, in a context dating back to 24 cal kyr BP. The knapping stigmata and macroscopic use-wear traces reveal a conception centred on the configuration of double bevels and the production in the same specimen of at least two successive artefacts with probably different functions. This piece unambiguously presents an anthropic character and reveals a technical novelty during the Pleistocene occupation of South America.

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The present paper discusses the results of a research that had as its main purpose to analyze the life projects of individuals belonging to different generations within the last decades, with special emphasis on the role played by establishing a family in such projects. Speeches of 20 individuals (10 men and 10 women) from two generations were analyzed. The study pointed out that the profound contemporary sociocultural changes have led to increasing individualism in the relationships, and consequently have altered the way people engage in building their life courses. Two things have been occurring simultaneously. On the one hand, life courses are being individualized and previous standards are being broken, a phenomenon linked to the reduction of gender asymmetries and to the questioning of the institutions. On the other hand, the family model based on marital stability is being repelled. Due to the instability of love relationships, children are gaining importance in the structuring of the idea of a family.