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Reversing or aborting the increase in allergic and other immunerelated noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the Western world, first observed for allergic rhinitis from the 1890s, 1 requires priat, or in collaboration with (in Sweden), the 3 participating hospitals were eligible, provided sufficient language skills. Women carrying more than 2 fetuses, fetuses with severe malformations or disease and infants born prior to 35.0 weeks of GA, were excluded.All infants were randomized at birth to 1 of 4 similar sized groups: (1) no intervention; (2) skin care (oil-bath at least 5 days per week from 0.5 to 9 months of age); (3) consecutive introduction, between 3 and 4 months of age, of peanut, milk, wheat, and egg at least 4 days per week complementary to breastfeeding; or (4) both interventions. Weekly electronic diaries (2-26 weeks of age) recorded skin care, infant feeding, and symptoms of allergic diseases.Adverse events (0-12 months of age) elicited relevant investigations and treatment by direct access for the participants to the local pediatric department.Data collection (Figure 1, Table S1) includes electronic questionnaires with information of health and disease in the mother, child, and family; lifestyle; environment; stress; quality of life; diet in the mother and offspring; clinical investigations; fetal and child anthropometrics; lung function; skin barrier; allergy; and blood pressure

Background Factors predicting allergic sensitization in the first 6 months of life are poorly understood. We aimed to determine whether eczema, dry skin, and high transepidermal water loss (TEWL) at 3 months were associated with allergic sensitization at 6 months of age and, secondarily, to establish whether these characteristics predicted sensitization from 3 to 6 months of age. Methods At 3 months of age, 1,994 infants from the population‐based PreventADALL birth cohort in Norway and Sweden were assessed for eczema and dry skin on the cheeks and/or extensors; impaired skin barrier function, defined as TEWL in the upper quartile (>9.4 g/m2/h), and allergen‐specific IgE levels <0.1 kUA/L, available in 830. At 6 months, we assessed allergic sensitization to any food (egg, cow's milk, peanut, wheat, soy) or inhalant (birch, timothy grass, dog, and cat) allergen by a skin prick test wheal diameter ≥2 mm larger than negative control. Results Any sensitization was found in 198 of the 1,994 infants (9.9%), the majority to food allergens (n = 177, 8.9%). Eczema, dry skin, and high TEWL at 3 months increased the risk of sensitization at 6 months; adjusted odds ratios 4.20 (95% CI 2.93–6.04), 2.09 (95% CI 1.51–2.90) and 3.67 (95% CI 2.58–5.22), respectively. Eczema predicted sensitization with 55.6% sensitivity and 68.1% specificity; dry skin with 65.3% sensitivity and 57.3% specificity; and high TEWL with 61.7% sensitivity and 78.1% specificity. Conclusion Eczema, dry skin, and high TEWL at 3 months predicted allergic sensitization at 6 months of age.