BackgroundHuntington's disease (HD) is a fatal inherited neurodegenerative disease, caused by a

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PurposeThe purpose of this study was to utilize a novel functional test system to facilitate determining the time of return to sports following ACL reconstruction.MethodsSixty-nine patients with unilateral ACL reconstruction were included in this pilot study. All the patients performed a standardized test battery consisting of one- and two-legged stability tests, counter movement jumps, speedy jumps, plyometric jumps and a quick feed test. The first test was administered on average 170.7 ± 75.1 days post-operatively, and the retest was administered on average 239.1 ± 79.7 days post-operatively. The values of the subtests were compared with the normative data of healthy gender- and age-matched controls to determine the functional capacities of patients following ACL reconstruction.ResultsAfter the first and second test, 15.9 and 17.4 % of the patients met the criteria for a “return to non-competitive sports”. One patient fulfilled the criteria for a “return to competitive sports” after the second test battery. The most limiting factor was a poor LSI value of <90 % if the dominant leg was involved and <80 % if the non-dominant leg was involved.ConclusionThis test battery demonstrates that, in terms of neuromuscular abilities, most patients, compared to healthy controls, are most likely not ready for a safe return to sports, even 8 months post-operatively. This should be considered in the future to determine when it is safe to return to sports and should avoid a premature return to competitive sports.Level of evidenceIII.

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Background: Graft rupture is a devastating outcome after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR). Little is known about graft rupture rates as well as clinical and functional outcomes after ACLR with quadriceps tendon (QT) autografts. Purpose: To compare QT with hamstring tendon (HT) autografts in terms of the rates of graft and contralateral ACL rupture as well as patient-reported outcome measures. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: All primary ACLRs performed between 2010 and 2016 were followed prospectively for 24 months through the recording of graft ruptures and contralateral ACL injuries as well as patient-administered questionnaires. Results: A total of 875 patients were included in the study. Three factors—graft type, age group, and activity level—had a significant value in predicting the need for revision surgery. The odds of revision surgery were 5.5 times greater in children younger than 15 years than in adults older than 45 years, 3.6 times greater in patients with high activity levels than low activity levels, and 2.7 times greater in patients receiving an HT autograft as compared with a QT autograft. A significantly higher rate of ipsilateral graft ruptures versus contralateral ACL injuries was observed in the HT group (4.9% vs 2.3%; odds ratio, 2.1; P = .01) but not in the QT group (2.8% vs 2.3%). The difference in the ratios of graft and contralateral ACL ruptures was even more pronounced in highly active patients treated with HT autografts (11.1% vs 4.2%; odds ratio, 2.6; P = .01) as compared with QT autografts (5.0% vs 2.8%; P = .48). Two-year measures of Lysholm scores (mean ± SD: QT, 86.0 ± 22.3; HT, 89.4 ± 16.4) and Tegner activity scores (QT, 6.1 ± 2.0; HT, 5.7 ± 1.9) as well as visual analog scale pain (QT, 0.8 ± 1.3; HT, 0.7 ± 1.1) did not differ between grafts. Conclusion: Graft choice does not influence clinical and functional outcomes 2 years after ACLR. However, 3 factors—graft type, age group, and activity level—have a significant value in predicting the need for revision surgery. Patients treated with HT autografts have a significantly higher, activity-dependent risk of revision surgery and experience more ipsilateral graft ruptures than subsequent contralateral ACL injuries when compared with patients treated with QT autografts. Young age and high activity level are significant predictors for ACL revision surgery.