Driving simulators are a common tool for researching and practicing driver behaviors. Despite this, research on the use of driving simulators within the basic police training in Nordic countries is sparse. Therefore, the purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to evaluate and compare students' driving ability regarding low-speed maneuvering in tight spaces, during a limited part of their education, based on the type of training (simulator only, courtyard only, or 50/50) they receive. 83 Swedish police students, divided into four classes, attending their second semester at the police program, participated in the study. These four classes were divided into three different experimental groups. The simulation group (two classes, n = 41) only practiced driving using a driving simulator. The 50/50 group (one class, n = 22) practiced driving a vehicle in the courtyard and in the simulator. The courtyard group (one class, n = 20) only practiced driving a vehicle in a courtyard. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences between type of training and performance on the examination regarding low-speed maneuvering in tight spaces. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for the use of driving simulators in higher education, more specifically in police basic training programs.

This article investigates labour market segmentation of EU-13 workers in Sweden. Labour market segmentation is a driver of income differences between natives, EU-15 migrants and EU-13 migrants in many EU member states. There are, however, indications that labour market inequalities as a result of segmentation among EU-13 migrants is less pronounced in Sweden. Previous research, both quantitative and qualitative, has shown surprisingly low levels of labour market segmentation among the employed. The structural differences on the labour market has, instead, been between the employed and unemployed, with a large employment gap between natives and all migrant groups including EU-13 migrants. We address the functional integration in the labour market from a longitudinal perspective, using several quantitative indicators to measure the degree of labour market segmentation. Natives and other migrant groups (EU-15 and refugees) are used as reference groups. Our results shows a low but increasing labour market segmentation among the employed born in EU-13 countries. The dissimilarity between employed natives and EU-13 workers is increasing, especially among men. Men from EU-13 countries is the only category where the occupational position has deteriorated. From having a similar occupational position as EU-15 migrants in 2007, their position in the labour market in 2015 is more similar to the refugee group. This development is driven by a large increase of Polish construction workers on the Swedishlabour market.