While outdoor navigation systems are already represented everywhere, the enclosed space is much less developed. The project Level 5 Indoor Navigation (L5IN) presents a new approach with mobile phone standard 5G as the orientation signal and without additional infrastructure for navigation in indoor environments. The aim of this project is to use the new available 5G technology to show how navigation systems, which have thus far only been available in the outdoor segment, can now be integrated into existing smartphone systems for indoor navigation. This paper gives an overview of the project and presents the different work packages leading to a holistic approach towards the development of an indoor navigation application for pedestrians. By using a specific app with open interfaces, it is planned to make navigation possible in all buildings modeled according to certain standards. The challenge involved is that, unlike outdoor maps, there is no map basis for buildings. For this reason, different approaches to map generation were examined. In a building information model (BIM), all information will be collected and made available via a database for positioning and visualization. The focus is furthermore on positioning, achieved through smartphone sensors and 5G, so that users can orientate themselves in buildings without having to connect to singular systems. It shall be shown that positioning with a standard deviation of 2–3 m and a confidence interval of 68 % is possible. Another advantage of 5G, the ability to send real-time data in higher data packages, will be used for data transmission. The basic idea of 5G-based indoor navigation will be enabled with radio cells of the providers, which will be set up on the HafenCity University campus. The complex university building will be used as a prototype environment.
The future sea-level rise caused by climate change will lead to coastal regions being flooded and ecological and socio-economic systems being disrupted. This study examines the question of how the sea-level rise in Northern Germany can be simulated on a regional level and visualized as a media map. The simulation is based on the TanDEM-X digital elevation model, IDW interpolated current measurements of the sea level and the vertical land movement, as well as regional sea surface elevation projections for the year 2100. Two different climate scenarios were applied based on IPCC forecasts. Particular attention was paid to transforming elevation systems into orthometric heights. In addition, the uncertainties existing in the simulation of future developments were quantified and visualized. Depending on the applied scenario, an area between 1061 and 9004 km2 will be inundated. Accordingly, the affected population varies between 5477 and 626,880 people. The calculation of the inundated areas reveals serious differences; between the various climate scenarios, as well as between the North and Baltic coasts, but above all between the assumption of a stable coastal protection on the one hand and a dike breach on the other. Based on the requirements of journalistic cartography and the specific requirements of the German broadcasting company Norddeutscher Rundfunk (NDR), static maps were developed, which will be shown as a sequence starting with the least and ending with the most severe possible impact.
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