Cryptorchidism is a heritable, autosomal recessive trait in dogs. Due to the anticipated nature of the defect, animals with this condition should not be used for breeding as it poses the possibility of the trait being inherited by offspring. The incidence rate of cryptorchidism in dogs is reported to be ranging from 0.8 to 10% with a relatively higher prevalence in smaller breeds and purebred dogs, such as the English Bulldog, Boxer, Chihuahua, Shetland Sheepdog, Siberian Husky and Yorkshire Terrier. This report gives a brief overview of origin, diagnosis and treatment of canine cryptorchidism.