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ABSTRACT. A maxillary fragment with M 2-3 from the middle Miocene of Lothidok Hill, northwestern Kenya represents a new species of Proconsul--the typical East African early and middle Miocene hominoid species group. M s in Proconsul (Xenopithecus) hamiltoni sp. nov. is about 50 larger than in Kenyan lower Miocene P. (X.) koruensis. Xenopithecus is revived as a subgenus of Proconsul because its species are less derived than typical species of that genus in having small--unexpanded--trigons, in possessing an M 2 with a significantly lower relative length, and in lacking a hypocone and large metacone on Ma; however, xenopithecines share with proconsulines welldefined trigon ridges on M l-a, large hypocones on M 1-2, greater relative height of M ~-3, and crenulated cingula on M 1-a four character complexes derived over those of plesiomorphous East African early and middle Miocene Limnopithecus.An upper canine from Lothidok Hill represents a second species of Proconsul, P. (Proconsul) major. This identification confirms earlier records of that species from Lothidok.

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Zygolophodon proavus (Palaeomastodontidae) and Gomphotherium osborni (Gomphotheriidae) occur in the Middle Miocene (Barstovian) Wood Mountain Formation, Saskatchewan. Wood Mountain specimens represent the northernmost occurrences of both species.

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