This work aimed to evaluate the effects of three nitrogen (N) doses on the morphogenic and structural characteristics, root mass (RM) and distribution in the soil profile, and penetration soil resistance of Mombasa guineagrass pastures managed with rotational stocking. The experimental design used randomized blocks with three N doses (100, 200, and 300 kg ha-1) and three replicates. The criterion for interrupting the pastures’ regrowth was the height of 80 to 90 cm of the canopy (90–95 % of light interception by the canopy). The animals were removed from the paddocks when the canopy reached 50 % of the pre-grazing height. Forage mass and accumulation, canopy morphogenic and structural characteristics, RM and distribution in the soil profile, and soil resistance to penetration were evaluated. In pastures fertilized with 200 and 300 kg ha-1 of N, the highest leaf appearance (0.090 and 0.081 leaves-1 tiller-1 d-1), elongation rates (2.82 and 2.61 cm tiller-1 d-1) and highest daily forage accumulation (113.8 and 106.6 kg ha-1d-1) were observed. Using 300 kg ha-1 of N promoted greater soil resistance to penetration at 10 cm of depth in the post-grazing (3.3 MPa). No effect of N doses was observed for RM (P>0.05). The pre- and post-grazing height control of animals in the paddocks therefore helped to maintain the pasture structure and avoid the soil compaction process. According to the results, it is concluded that 200 and 300 kg ha-1 of N fertilization is a strategy for intensifying pastures.
RESUMO -O consócio de culturas tem sido uma prática constante, principalmente pelos pequenos produtores, visando o aproveitamento da área, os benefícios ecológicos e ganhos econômicos. Contudo, deve-se levar em consideração a competição por água, luz e nutrientes que pode ser um fator limitante para o sucesso do consórcio. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de forragens de cana-de-açúcar e feijão-guandu cultivados em monocultivo e consorciados. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com três tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os tratamentos testados foram: cana-de-açúcar em monocultivo, feijãoguandu em monocultivo e cana-de-açúcar consorciada com feijão-guandu. Os parâmetros avaliados nas plantas de feijão-guandu foram: altura das plantas, número de hastes, massa verde do caule, massa verde das folhas, massa verde da parte aérea, massa seca do caule, massa seca das folhas e massa seca da parte aérea. Na canade-açúcar, foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: altura da planta, diâmetro do colmo, número de folhas por planta, largura e comprimento da maior folha, número de plantas por metro linear e produtividade de massa verde. A altura das plantas no segundo corte e o número de hastes no primeiro corte das plantas de feijão-guandu foram superiores no tratamento consorciado com a cana-de-açúcar. Entretanto, as produtividades de massa fresca e seca das folhas foram superiores no tratamento em monocultivo. O número de folhas de cana-de-açúcar foi maior no cultivo consorciado e a produtividade de massa verde no monocultivo. O cultivo consorciado de cana-de-açúcar e feijão-guandu, no espaçamento de 1 m entre linhas alternadas, não aumenta a oferta de forragem destas culturas.ABSTRACT -The partnership of cultures has been a constant practice, primarily by small producers, aimed at the exploitation of the area, the environmental benefits and economic gains. However, one must take into consideration the competition for water, light and nutrients that can be a limiting factor to the success of the Consortium. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of sugarcane and pigeon pea grown in monoculture and intercropping for animal feed. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with three treatments and five replications. The treatments tested were: sugarcane in monoculture, pigeon pea in monoculture and sugarcane intercropped with pigeon pea. The parameters evaluated in plants of pigeon pea beans were: height of plants, number of stems, green mass of the stem, green mass of leaves, green mass, dry mass of the stem, leaf dry mass and dry mass of the shoot. In sugarcane were evaluated
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