Objective : to evaluate the risk of malnutrition and associated factors in institutionalized elderly persons. Method : a cross-sectional study was carried out with elderly persons living in long-term care facilities in the municipal regions of Passo Fundo (Rio Grande do Sul) and Carazinho (Rio Grande do Sul) in 2017. A standardized, pre-codified questionnaire with sociodemographic variables was used, along with anthropometric data and the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Cognitive decline and non-intentional weight loss were also evaluated. The qualitative variables were presented in terms of univariate frequencies and the quantitative variables were described through measures of central tendency and dispersion. In order to verify the association between the categorical variables, the Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Chi-Squared test and the Fisher Exact test were applied, and in the crude and adjusted analysis the Poisson regression was used with robust variance. The level of significance was 5%. Results : a total of 399 elderly people were included, of whom 69.9% were female, 54.5% were aged 80 years or older and 88.4% were white. Of these elderly people, 61.7% lived in non-profit facilities. In the evaluation of nutritional status, 26.6% of the elderly were found to be malnourished, 48.1% were at risk of malnutrition and 25.3% had normal nutritional status. The highest prevalence ratio of at risk of malnutrition/malnutrition was with cognitive decline and unintentional weight loss (p<0.001). Conclusion : through the results, identifying nutritional status and the characteristics associated with the risk of malnutrition contribute to effective evaluation and nutritional monitoring, assisting in the prevention of diseases related to this condition.
Este artigo está licenciado sob forma de uma licença Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional, que permite uso irrestrito, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, desde que a publicação original seja corretamente citada. Conclusions: Most hospitalized oncological elderly were found to be eutrophic by the anthropometric indicators body mass index and calf circumference, while a higher proportion of these patients were classified as malnourished or at nutritional risk by the Mini Nutritional Assessment Reduced Forms, as well as by the percentage of weight loss. Patients with lung and pancreas cancer had the most severe weight loss. These results confirm the importance of using different parameters to assess the nutritional status of elderly with cancer.
RESUMOEste estudo teve como objetivo descrever a medida da espessura do Músculo Adutor do Polegar (MAP) como preditor de desnutrição em pacientes oncológicos. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo de delineamento transversal com pacientes em tratamento oncológico com diagnóstico de câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Os dados foram coletados por meio de uma ficha de anamnese nutricional que aborda dados demográficos, clínicos e antropométricos. Para a avaliação antropométrica utilizouse os seguintes parâmetros: Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), Circunferência do Braço (CB), Prega Cutânea Tricipital (PCT), Circunferência Muscular do Braço (CMB), Área Muscular do Braço corrigida (AMBc), Músculo Adutor do Polegar da Mão Dominante (MAPD), Músculo Adutor do Polegar da Mão Não Dominante (MAPND) e Percentual de Perda de Peso (%PP). Os resultados indicaram maior prevalência do sexo masculino (82,1%) com média de idade de 64,57±12,52 anos. Quanto à localização do tumor, constatamos maior prevalência de câncer de laringe (28,6%), seguido de câncer de cavidade oral (25%) e câncer de orofaringe (17,9%). Segundo o IMC, a maioria dos pacientes encontravam-se eutróficos (46,4%). A desnutrição esteve mais prevalente por intermédio das medidas de CB, PCT, AMBc, MAPD e MAPND. Foi diagnosticado que 78,6% dos pacientes estavam desnutridos segundo a medida do MAP das mãos dominante e não dominante. Os resultados sugerem que a medida do MAP pode ser um método sensível para identificação da desnutrição, contudo fazem-se necessários mais estudos com o objetivo de verificar a eficácia desta medida, proporcionando assim uma maior compreensão da utilização da mesma para esses pacientes.Palavras-chave: Avaliação nutricional. Desnutrição. Neoplasias de cabeça e pescoço.
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