Triple therapy is independently associated with a higher survival rate among patients with CAPS.

Aim: An inverse relationship between coffee consumption and mortality has been reported in the general population. However, the effect of coffee consumption in diabetes remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the association of caffeine consumption and caffeine source with mortality among patients with diabetes.Methods: We examined the association of caffeine consumption with mortality among 1974 women and 1974 men with diabetes, using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2010. Caffeine consumption was assessed at baseline using 24 h dietary recalls. Cox proportional hazard models were fitted to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer-related mortality according to caffeine consumption and its source, adjusting for potential confounders.Results: A dose-dependent inverse association between caffeine and all-cause mortality was observed in women with diabetes. Adjusted HR for death among women who consumed caffeine, as compared with non-consumers, were: 0.57 (95% CI, 0.40–0.82) for <100 mg of caffeine/day, 0.50 (95% CI, 0.32–0.78) for 100 to <200 mg of caffeine/day, and 0.39 (95% CI, 0.23–0.64) for ≥200 mg of caffeine/day (p = 0.005 for trend). This association was not observed in men. There was a significant interaction between sex and caffeine consumption (p = 0.015). No significant association between total caffeine consumption and cardiovascular or cancer mortality was observed. Women who consumed more caffeine from coffee had reduced risk of all-cause mortality (p = 0.004 for trend).Conclusion: Our study showed a dose-dependent protective effect of caffeine consumption on mortality among women with diabetes.

Background. Conjunctivitis is one of the most frequently occurring hospital-acquired infections among neonates, although it is less studied than potentially life-threatening infections, such as sepsis and pneumonia. Objectives. The aims of our work were to identify epidemiologic characteristics, pathogens, and susceptibility patterns of bacterial hospital-acquired conjunctivitis (HAC) in a level III neonatal unit. Materials and Methods. Data were collected retrospectively from patient charts and laboratory databases. Hospital-acquired conjunctivitis was defined in accordance with the Centers for Disease Control/National Healthcare Safety Network (CDC/NHSN) diagnostic criteria. Results. One or more episodes of HAC were diagnosed in 4,0% (n = 60) of 1492 neonates admitted during the study period. Most of the episodes involved premature (75,4%) and low birth weight (75,4%) neonates. Infection rates were higher among patients undergoing noninvasive mechanical ventilation (46,7%), parenteral nutrition (13,6%), and phototherapy (6,8%). Predominant pathogens included Serratia marcescens (27,9%), Escherichia coli (23%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18%). Susceptibility patterns revealed bacterial resistances to several antibiotic classes. Gentamicin remains the adequate choice for empirical treatment of HAC in our NICU. Conclusion. It is important to know the local patterns of the disease in order to adjust prevention strategies. Our work contributes to the epidemiological characterization of a sometimes overlooked disease.

Purpose Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the association of prediabetes with adverse kidney outcomes is uncertain. Methods We performed a secondary analysis of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT), including 9361 participants without diabetes at baseline. We categorized participants according to fasting glucose level as having impaired fasting glucose [≥100 mg/dL (≥5.6 mmol/L)] or normoglycemia [&lt;100 mg/dL (&lt;5.6 mmol/L)]. Unadjusted and adjusted proportional hazards models were fitted to estimate the association of impaired fasting glucose (vs normoglycemia) with a composite outcome of worsening kidney function [≥30% decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2 in participants without baseline CKD; ≥50% decrease in eGFR or need for long-term dialysis/kidney transplantation in participants with CKD] or incident albuminuria (doubling of urinary albumin/creatinine ratio from &lt;10 mg/g to &gt;10 mg/g). These outcomes were also evaluated separately and according to CKD status at baseline. Results Participants’ mean age was 67.9 ± 9.4 years, 35.5% were female, and 31.4% were black. The median follow-up was 3.3 years, and 41.8% had impaired fasting glucose. Impaired fasting glucose was not associated with higher rates of the composite outcome [hazard ratio (HR): 0.97; 95% CI: 0.8 to 1.16], worsening kidney function (HR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.75 to 1.37), or albuminuria (HR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.78 to 1.23). Similarly, there was no association of impaired fasting glucose with outcomes according to baseline CKD status. Conclusions Impaired fasting glucose at baseline was not associated with the development of worsening kidney function or albuminuria in participants of SPRINT.

Background. Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome (TRPS) is an autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia caused by defects involving the TRPS1 gene. Three types (TRPSs I, II, and III) have been described, exhibiting the common triad of hair, craniofacial, and skeletal abnormalities. TRPS II includes the additional characteristics of mental retardation and multiple exostoses. Case Report. We describe a sporadic case of TRPS type I in a child with two novel nonsense pathogenic mutations in the TRPS1 gene, both in heterozygosity—c.1198C>T (p. Gln400X) and c.2086C>T (p.Arg696X). None of these mutations were found in her parents. Clinical presentation included typical hair and facial features, as well as slight skeletal abnormalities. Discussion. There is a wide variability in clinical expression of TRPS I. Manifestations of the disease can be subtle, yet skeletal anomalies imply that TRPS I is more than an esthetic problem. Clinical and genetic diagnosis allows adequate followup and timely therapeutic procedures. When a single mutation was sufficient for the onset of the disease, our patient presented two different ones.