Every U.S. student is entitled to a free and appropriate education. School districts must identify and evaluate any child who they find is unable to engage fully in learning as a participant in the general education curriculum. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 2004 requires that these students be assessed by qualified individuals in any areas that may be impacting learning, including health, vision, hearing, social and emotional status, communicative status, and motor abilities. The school nurse, as the health expert, has an important role to play as a member of the special education team in evaluating whether a student has health concerns that are impacting learning and how health barriers to learning might be reduced. As part of the full and individual evaluation, the school nurse composes a written report and makes recommendations to the team regarding necessary health services and other modifications the student may need. This article (Part 1 of 2) will outline the school nurse's role in identification and evaluation of students who may benefit from special education services.
School nurses report that evidence-based practice (EBP) is not a part of their daily practice, and most have had no formal education regarding EBP or its implementation. The purpose of this review is to identify what strategies might be effective to educate school nurses about EBP as a first step toward establishing EBP in school nurse practice. Three scientific databases were searched, and eight pertinent manuscripts were identified. A review of the manuscripts indicates that EBP learners should be addressed in terms of the level of education needed (EBP "user" vs. "practitioner") and that a multifaceted approach to learning that addresses EBP knowledge, skill, and attitude is most effective. School nurse leaders and educators should work to provide learning opportunities to develop school nurses knowledge and skill using various learning modalities and delivery methods. EBP mentor relationships should be developed to bridge knowledge into practice.
Every day, school nurses make practice decisions that impact the care provided to school children. Our professional standards require that we stay up to date with best practice options, yet there is neither time nor money to attend a continuing education offering for every practice concern we encounter. Learning how to acquire the evidence that leads to best practice can ensure our practice is current and that our students have the best chance to have positive health and academic outcomes. This article explains where to find good evidence and how to access it.
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a phrase used frequently in nursing, policy, and education. This article explains three components of EBP, why it is important for school nursing, barriers to practicing EBP, and solutions to practicing EBP. This article is the first in a series of articles for NASN School Nurse that will delve into what EBP is and how it applies to school nursing using practical examples.
This is the second of two articles outlining the professional school nurse's role in the special education process for students with disabilities. The Individuals with Disabilities in Education Improvement Act of 2004 mandates the special education process: identification, full and individual evaluation, eligibility determination, and development of the individual education program (IEP), including special education placement. Part 1 focused on the importance of the school nurse's role in student identification, response to intervention, and the full and individual evaluation. Part 2 highlights the school nurse's vital and unique contribution to the subsequent special education steps of eligibility determination, IEP development, and special education services placement and minutes.
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