El propósito de este trabajo es realizar la caracterización osteobiográfica de los individuos que alcanzaron mayor longevidad en una población prehispánica que vivió en los Andes orientales colombianos durante el Muisca Temprano (200-1000 DC), con la finalidad de estudiar el fenómeno de la vejez. La metodología se basó en un análisis de corte cualitativo mediante el abordaje de cuatro estudios de caso a partir de la propuesta que ofrece la bioarqueología del individuo, para responder, con una serie de indicadores de salud, estrés y cultura, las preguntas de investigación del modelo osteobiográfico. También se retomó la propuesta teórica del curso de vida y de la teoría de historia de vida (LHT) desde la perspectiva de la vejez, con la finalidad de detallar los efectos del envejecimiento. Los resultados dieron cuenta de una posible heterogeneidad en cuanto a las prácticas funerarias y de lesiones que fueron semejantes en los cuatro casos, tales como enfermedad articular degenerativa en grados moderados y severos, así como padecimientos buco dentales asociados a caries, pérdida de dientes antemortem, enfermedad periodontal y desgaste severo de la superficie oclusal. Esto permitió inferir que las afecciones que sufrieron los individuos analizados se relacionan con el modo de subsistencia de la población y con sus procesos de senescencia.
Stable isotope‐based dietary reconstructions of late Holocene agriculturalists from Sabana de Bogotá (Colombia) are limited to the late Muisca period. Accordingly, the dietary patterns and feeding behaviors of people living during the Herrera and Early Muisca periods remain largely unknown. This study aims to present new stable isotope data to discuss the dietary patterns of agriculturalists inhabiting Nueva Esperanza (Sabana de Bogota) during the last 2300 years B.P. In addition, we present the radiocarbon chronology of the site to assess dietary change during the site occupation phases. Data for δ13Ccol and δ15Ncol were obtained from bone/dentine collagen and dental calculus from humans (n = 71) and faunal (n = 20) skeletal remains. The local isotopic ecology was investigated, and the human data were assessed by age, sex, and time period. Humans presented mostly mixed diets with a predominance of maize, supplemented by C3 resources (plants and animals), although some individuals exhibited distinct trends across the C3–C4 range. According to isotopic ecology and other lines of archaeological evidence, maize and C3 resources (plants and animals) mostly contributed to the human diets, whereas C4‐feeding animals were less important resources. Bone/dentine collagen and calculus isotope data revealed only minor differences among age groups, sexes, and periods suggesting relatively homogeneous diets at the NE society throughout the late Holocene. Likewise, both kinds of isotopic data display distinct dietary trends suggesting the effect of postmortem processes in the isotopic composition of dental calculus. The isotopic evidence for the NE site suggests similar diachronic trajectories of dietary specializations at the regional level and minor differences regarding maize incorporation into the diet and its standardized use and consumption. These results suggest at the regional level similar patterns of dietary change at the Sabana de Bogotá during the late Holocene.
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