O ensino de anatomia é de fundamental importância a todos os profissionais da área da saúde. Especialmente no campo da macroscopia, observam-se estímulos para o desenvolvimento de novos conceitos de educação médica com a aplicação de diferentes abordagens pedagógicas. Nos cursos de graduação em Medicina Veterinária, o método tradicional de ensino vem passando por inovações semestre após semestre. O presente artigo aborda quatro tendências no ensino de anatomia veterinária, verificadas através de uma revisão crítica: a) Aprendizagem assistida por computador a fim de desenvolver modelos anatômicos de animais virtuais; b) Modelos anatômicos artesanais, manequins e simuladores; c) Gravação de videoaulas e compartilhamento pela internet; e d) Uso de técnicas de preservação de cadáveres livres de formol. Conclui-se que a melhor metodologia de ensino de anatomia veterinária tende a ser aquela em que exista a associação de todos os novos recursos com a dissecação animal, complementando-se uns aos outros.

Objective. The present paper aims to investigate the role of computed tomography as an imaging technique of diagnosis in the identification of the os cordis in ovine, and also how this anatomical structure is morphotopographically characterized in macro and microscopic contexts, seeking to contribute for its functional understanding. Materials and method. The heart of a young male ovine had been donated to the Laboratory of Animal Anatomy of the Surgery Department of the FMVZ/USP, first being subject to a post-mortem examination by means of the cardiac “shedding” (transverse cross sectioning of the heart). A tomographic examination of the anatomic specimen was carried out, as well as the dissection and histological analysis of the collected sample. Results. The results indicate the presence of an osseous structure of 6.39 mm in length, located in the aortic valve of the heart, next to a ring comprised by three valve flaps, tendinous cords, and papillary muscles. The histological findings consist of fibrous connective tissue, cancellous bone tissue, and calcified hyaline cartilage wherein the cardiomyocytes are attached. Conclusions. It is concluded that computed tomography, even though seldom applied to animals of zootechnical interest, poses as an effective tool for the visualization of the os cordis in lambs.

Natural anatomical pieces of wild animals are rare and teachers seek alternatives in satisfactory quantity and quality to inform their students. This article aims to describe the use of multiplanar reconstructions and 3D volume rendering computed tomography (CT) images, rapid prototyping and 3D printing of opossum head to create a biomodel to veterinary education in descriptive anatomy of wild animals. A six-step method study was conducted to construct the biomodel: (1) selection of opossum head from museum; (2) CT scanning of bones structures in veterinary hospital; (3) DICOM visualization medical images in multiplanar reconstructions and 3D volume rendering; (4) .dicom file conversion to .stl; (5) 3D printing of opossum head by rapid prototyping; (6) comparison of 3D model printed with the original anatomical piece. The use of CT images with their different forms of reconstruction can provide a more comprehensive 3D view of opossum craniofacial region and allow a better understanding of head anatomy of this species. The 3D printed biomodel can be a viable alternative to original bone specimens when used in anatomy education. However, further studies must be continued to validate the method in Veterinary Medicine courses.

Reproductive and developmental toxicology has focused on the need to approach the effects of organism exposure to various drugs during pregnancy after the mid-50’s, when the thalidomide tragedy stroke humanity. In recent decades, this area of study has developed a lot due to animal testing, raising awareness on the need to improve the quality of life of such animals. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate how the science of animal welfare can improve scientific research as a whole, including the reproductive and developmental toxicology fields, by emphasizing environmental enrichment in animal facilities. To do so, we conducted an integrative literature review on several quantitative and qualitative methodological approaches that are applicable to toxicology studies. Here, we present evidence that environmental enrichment improves animal welfare and prevents or reduces the negative effects of captive housing, which must be a principle of toxicological research for ethical, legal and scientific reasons.

A disciplina de Anatomia Animal é uma das matérias mais esperadas pelos estudantes de Medicina Veterinária, ao mesmo tempo em que pode ser uma das mais temidas pelo desafio imenso que é aprender seu extenso conteúdo. Neste livro as autoras abordam alguns temas muito pertinentes aos alunos da área: Aprendendo a Aprender Anatomia Animal; História da Anatomia Cardiovascular; Etimologia para Anatomia Cardíaca; Angiotécnicas anatômicas; Anatomia do Desenvolvimento do Sistema Cardiovascular; Circulação fetal em mamíferos; Anatomia Funcional do coração dos mamíferos; Vasos sanguíneos; Sistema Linfático; Anatomia Cardíaca aplicada ao Diagnóstico por Imagem; Insuficiência Cardíaca Congestiva (ICC); Coração de animais vertebrados não-mamíferos: peixes, anfíbios, répteis e aves; e Bioengenharia do tecido cardíaco.