Background-As many HIV seropositive individuals are now living longer after infection due to highly active antiretroviral therapy, aging related manifestations of cerebral small vessel ischemic vascular disease, such as brain white matter hyperintensities, are becoming increasingly important in this population.

Background: This study is designed to determine the relationship between age and occurrence of cerebral manifestations of small-vessel ischemic vascular disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive individuals. Methods: Periventricular leukoaraiosis severity and white matter lesion volume were determined by magnetic resonance imaging of the brain of 57 HIV-seropositive individuals. Results: Cerebral small-vessel ischemic vascular disease manifestations correlated with age and systolic blood pressure, but not with HIV infection-related parameters. Conclusions: These findings suggest that, in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, leukoaraiosis severity and white matter lesion volume may be more indicative of small-vessel ischemic vascular disease than HIV-related CNS pathology, and support the need for aggressive treatment of vascular risk factors in HIV-seropositive individuals.

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection may alter antibody responses against periodontopathic bacteria, increasing the susceptibility for gingival and periodontal disorders in HIV-infected individuals. We describe the oral health of HIV-infected individuals receiving stable Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) and determine their association with serum anti-periodontopathic bacteria antibody level.

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