This study examines the processes underlying gender discrimination in a large Australian government research organization. It is specifically concerned with discrimination that occurs after the initial assignment of employees to career streams or ladders has occurred. When questioned, 37 and 41 percent of the women surveyed stated that they had regularly experienced promotional or day- to-day discrimination. Based on analyses of data collected from 625 women and 512 men, evidence is presented for a vested interest explanation as best account ing for promotional discrimination, as distinct from day-to-day discrimination. These findings highlight the need to recognize and treat different forms of gender discrimination in the workplace as analytically distinct.

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Objectives To examine psychiatric morbidity, including substance use disorders, and service use in young people with experience of homelessness. Design A cross‐sectional study of 34 new residents in a supported accommodation program in Melbourne. Current and lifetime psychiatric diagnoses were made using the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, third edition, revised (DSM‐III‐R). Use of psychiatric and related services was also assessed. Results Of the 21 women and 13 men (mean age, 18.1 years; standard deviation, 2.2 years), 50% had a current major DSM‐III‐R diagnosis, and 82% had a lifetime DSM‐III‐R diagnosis. The most common diagnoses were alcohol dependence, depressive disorders and cannabis dependence. Co‐morbidity was common. Few of the young people had sought or received any treatment for depressive or substance use disorders. Conclusions Young people with experience of homelessness have a high prevalence of depressive disorders and substance use disor‐ders, particularly alcohol and cannabis dependence. Despite this they have a low rate of service use. These findings suggest a need for closer interaction between mental health professionals and other agencies in the planning and provision of services to young homeless people.

Based on data gathered from a large Australian federal organization, the present study examines the potential moderating effects of gender on the relationships between various personal and organizational characteristics and employee job satisfaction. Using controlled (n= 168) and representative (n= 298) samples of males, compared to an enumeration of female employees (n= 335), gender is shown to exert a slight impact on the relationship between age and length of service as this relates to job satisfaction. Gender interacts more noticeably with the work values of security, autonomy, and use of abilities when related to employee job satisfaction. These findings are discussed in the context of gender differences in organizational power and opportunity structure predicted by Kanter.

This paper presents a model for managers to use to assess the feasibility of robotising particular tasks on a construction site. A case study illustrates the application of the model with overall work construction respect to the use of of taking concreting robots prrocess, on a site when considering oo g into a importance the use of robots.