Adjunctive ultrasonography results in similar success rates, total anesthesia-related times, and block-related pain scores for the SCB, ICB, and AXB.

Spinal hypotension is common in women who receive spinal anaesthesia for Caesarean delivery, with an incidence of up to 71%. 1 Spinal hypotension can occur precipitously and, if severe, can result in important perinatal adverse outcomes, such as maternal nausea and vomiting, fetal acidosis and may be an important contributory factor for maternal death related to regional anaesthesia. 2 3 Mothers with pre-delivery hypovolaemia may be at risk of cardiovascular collapse because the sympathetic blockade may severely decrease venous return. As a consequence, prevention of spinal hypotension has been a key research area within the field of obstetric anaesthesia. To prevent spinal hypotension, a number of approaches have been investigated, notably fluid loading, vasopressors, Editorials BJA

Leaving the bladder catheter as long as the epidural analgesia is maintained results in a higher incidence of UTI and prolonged hospital stay. Removal of the bladder catheter on the morning after surgery does not lead to higher rate of catheterizations.

The double-injection ultrasound-guided infraclavicular block provides no significant advantages compared with its single-injection counterpart.