No abstract

The average adult human sleeps for about 8 of every 24 hours.

BackgroundExcessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) has been reported among depressed patients in many populations. Many depressed patients seek medical attention partly to deal with EDS, but this sleep disorder is often overlooked in clinical practice.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of EDS among depressed patients and determine its relationship with the severity of depression.MethodsSixty-seven patients diagnosed with depressive episode took part in the study. The severity of depression was rated using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). EDS was evaluated using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).ResultsThe mean ESS score was 9.2 (SD=2.8). EDS, defined as an ESS score≥10, was present in 44.8% of the depressed patients. The mean score on the HDRS was 14.8 (SD=3.6), representing the mild–moderate depression range. ESS scores correlated highly and positively (r=0.69, p=0.000) with scores on the HDRS.ConclusionIn the light of the high prevalence of EDS among depressed patients and its undesirable consequences, it is suggested that daytime sleepiness be evaluated in depressed patients.

In the light of the high prevalence of EDS among depressed patients and its undesirable consequences, it is suggested that daytime sleepiness be evaluated in depressed patients.

BackgroundSleepwalking consists of a series of behavioral activities that occur during sleep. These activities may be simple, complex or aggressive in nature. They include motor activities, confusion, and amnesia for the events. Sleepwalking is a disorder of arousal from non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. In children, episodes of sleepwalking are rarely violent; in adults, however, sleepwalking might include violence, which could endanger the patient or others and might precipitate legal issues. There is inadequate information on the prevalence and demographic correlates of sleepwalking in Nigeria.ObjectivesOne objective of this study was to determine the lifetime prevalence rate of sleepwalking in an adult population in Ile-Ife, in Southwestern Nigeria. Another objective was to determine the age and sex distribution of sleepwalking among those who have experienced it at least once in their lifetime.Materials and MethodsA random sample of 228 healthy individuals aged 18–60 years was obtained and the members were asked to fill out a survey form about lifetime prevalence rate of sleepwalking.ResultsThe overall lifetime prevalence rate of sleepwalking was 7% (16 of 228 participants). It was 10.4% in males and 3.5% in females, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.07).ConclusionThis study has shown that sleepwalking is common in the population. In view of the psychological effects of sleepwalking and the potential physical and legal problems associated with it, adequate efforts should be made for early detection and prompt management of the condition.