Weeds alter the establishment of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu Malezas afectan el establecimiento de AbstractThe present study evaluated the effects of different periods of coexistence among the main weeds and Marandu brachiaria grass (Brachiaria brizantha, now Urochloa brizantha) in newly sown pasture. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block with 4 replications, with treatments being 8 coexistence periods: 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 and 120 days after emergence. A phytosociological assessment of the weed community was carried out at the end of the coexistence periods, and weeds were eliminated from the appropriate treatment using herbicide. Key morphogenic parameters of the forages were assessed at the end of the experimental period and dry matter production was determined. Results indicated that the presence of weeds had negative impacts on the main morphogenic components, such as plant height, number of tillers and production of leaf and stem dry matter. The presence of weeds reduced productivity in Marandu, with 15 days competition being sufficient to reduce forage production by approximately 50%, suggesting that weed control measures should be adopted within 15 days following emergence of seedlings of Marandu and weeds.Keywords: Dry matter, interference, pasture renovation, weed competition. ResumenEn un latosol localizado en Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brasil se evaluaron los efectos de la infestación de las principales malezas de la zona (Hyptis suaveolens, Senna obtusifolia y Sida rhombifolia), en diferentes edades después de la siembra, en la producción y algunas características morfogénicas de la gramínea forrajera Brachiaria brizantha (ahora: Urochloa brizantha) cv. Marandu. Los tratamientos fueron dispuestos en un delineamiento experimental de bloques al azar con 4 repeticiones y consistieron en los períodos de convivencia: 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 y 120 días después de la emergencia de la gramínea. Al finalizar cada uno de estos períodos se realizó una evaluación fitosociológica de la comunidad infestante y se eliminaron las malezas utilizando un herbicida. Al término del período experimental se evaluaron los principales parámetros morfogénicos del pasto, así como la producción de materia seca. Los resultados mostraron un efecto negativo de las malezas en la altura de planta y el número de rebrotes, así como en la producción de materia seca de hojas y tallos. La presencia de las malezas redujo la producción del pasto en todos los tratamientos, variando de 50% (competencia durante los primeros 15 días) hasta 74% (120 días). Por tanto las medidas de control de las malezas deben ser adoptadas durante las 2 primeras semanas de convivencia con el pasto Marandu.Palabras clave: Competencia, interferencia, materia seca, renovación de pasturas.
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