Perinatal depression (PD) is a depressive disorder in women that occurs either during pregnancy and/ or within 12 months after delivery. PD has adverse outcomes not only for mothers, but also for their children and their family/husband. A review of literature was conducted to present a comprehensive review of the available research into depression, its prevalence, risk factors and the screening tools in the context of the perinatal period. The literature will provide the background for understanding perinatal depression and will support the need for the most appropriate perinatal mental health screening-tool, particularly depression in midwifery care.

Latar belakang: Kehamilan dan persalinan merupakan keadaan fisiologis yang dialami oleh setiap perempuan. Semakin bertambahnya usia kehamilan sering muncul rasa khawatir, cemas dan takut menjelang persalinan dan pada saat proses persalinan. Penanganan kecemasan pada ibu hamil dalam menghadapi proses persalinan dapat dengan metode hypnobirthing. Hypnobirthing merupakan perpaduan antara proses kelahiran alami dengan terapi hipnosis untuk membangun rasa percaya diri, persepsi positif, menurunkan ketakutan, kecemasan dan ketegangan pada sebelum persalinan, selama persalinan dan sesudah persalinan. Tujuan: Tujuan Scoping Review untuk memetakan bukti ilmiah berdasarkan artikel yang telah di publikasikan terkait Hypnobirthing Pada Penatalaksanaan Nyeri Persalinan. Metode: Desain penelitian scoping review menggunakan prisma-ScR cheklist, dengan frame work PICO, menggunakan data base Ebsco, Pubmed, Scient direct, Proquest. Seleksi artikel menggunakan Prisma Flowchart dan critical appraisal menggunakan Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Hasil: Hasil pencarian data base diperoleh 8 artikel dari 1179 yang relevan dengan tujuan penelitian. Artikel penelitian terdiri dari 2 artikel Quasi Eksperimen, 4 artikel Randomized Control Trial (RCT), 1 penelitian case control dan 1 penelitian cross sectional. Penelitian tersebut berasal dari Negara Malaysia 1 artikel, Inggris 2 artikel, Australia 2 artikel dan Turki 3 artikel. Ditemukan 3 tema yaitu karakteristik ibu, interval pemberian pelatihan hypnobirthing dan pengaruh hypnobirthing. Simpulan: Hypnobirthing membantu ibu menjadi berdaya dengan mengembangkan kesadaran akan kemampuan melahirkan secara alami dan dapat mengurangi rasa sakit saat melahirkan, mempersingkat waktu melahirkan dan memungkinkan ikatan yang lebih awal dengan bayi.

Background: Adolescent pregnancy is a pregnancy that occurs at the age of adolescents or less than 20 years. Postpartum depression is a condition of severe depression that occurs within 4-6 weeks after giving birth. Objective: To explore the scientific evidence of obstetrics related to the incidence of postpartum depression in adolescent mothers. Design: scoping review using the PRISMA-ScR checklist Method: The authors use the Arksey and O'Malley framework. The article search used three databases namely PubMed, Proquest, and Science Direct covering from January 2012 to 2022. An assessment tool was used. Review selection and characterization were carried out using critical appraisal using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) study tool. Results: Out of 809 potentially relevant articles, 7 articles were included. The research articles came from 5 different countries, and the methods were RCT, cross-sectional, and qualitative. The results are presented in three themes: the prevalence of postpartum depression in adolescent mothers, risk factors for postpartum depression in adolescent mothers, and the implementation of health services and obstacles in dealing with postpartum depression in adolescent mothers. Conclusion: Based on 7 articles reviewed, it was found that 32% of adolescent mothers have the possibility of postpartum depression that requires immediate action on early assessment, detection, and intervention. Factors that contribute to the development of postpartum depression in adolescent mothers include high social support, marital problems, pressure from parents, and economic problems. Continuing midwifery care, appropriate strategies, and preventive measures including regular screening for adolescent mothers and mental service providers are needed to reduce the risk of postpartum depression in adolescent mothers.

Background: In developing country, malnutrition of under five children was still a severe problem because it may have an impact on the quality of human resources in the future. Various program has been tried in many places to overcome this problem, one of which is through a home visit program, which is very necessary for educational purposes to manage malnutrition. This study aimed to determine how to implement a home visit program to improve the nutritional status of under five children in developing countries. Subjects and Method: A scoping review method was conducted using Arksey and O’malley (2005) framework with five steps: (1) Identify the scoping review question; (2) Identify relevant articles; (3) Article selection; (4) Mapping; (5) Present the results, discussion and conclusion. The search included Pubmed, Wiley, Ebsco, Science Direct, and Google scholar databases. The inclusion criteria were original articles in Indonesian and English from developing countries published from 2010 to 2019. The data were reported by PRISMA flow chart. Results: Five of the 159 articles were selected, and found that five themes were summarized, namely: (1) effective implementation of home visits, (2) types of rehabilitation of nutritional status of under-five children on home visits, (3) home visit officers 4) time and activities for conducting home visits and 5 ) constraints on home visits for malnutrition education purposes. Conclusion: Home visit program is an effective and significant strategy to reduce the incidence of underweight, moderate and severe malnutrition, stunting and wasting in under five children only when combined with other programs. Several knowledge gaps identify which confirm through further research. Keywords: home visit, nutritional status of under-five children, malnutrition, developing countries Correspondence: Siti Zakiah Zulfa. Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Jl. Ringroad Barat No.63, Mlangi, Nogotirto, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Email: zakiya_zulfa@ymail.com. Mobile: 085641349694. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.11

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