ResumenSe presenta los resultados de un estudio de tiempos y movimientos en una industria que fabrica calzado. En primer lugar, se empleó un diagrama de Ishikawa y el método de las 6M para determinar la causa de la baja productividad. Seguidamente, se estandarizó las tareas utilizando un diagrama de proceso de operaciones y diagramas bimanuales. Finalmente, se estableció el tiempo de producción aplicando un estudio de tiempos por cronómetro. Con el uso de estas herramientas se determinó que en ninguna de las áreas el trabajo estaba distribuido equitativamente. A fin de dar solución a estos inconvenientes se reasignaron tareas de una estación a otra. Por último, aplicando una hoja de verificación se evidenció los resultados. Así se comprobó que el uso de técnicas de gestión productiva incrementa la productividad y la eficiencia en los procesos de producción. Los resultados evidenciaron un incremento de la producción del 5,49%. Palabras clave: tiempos-movimientos; eficiencia de trabajo; productividad; distribución de tareasAbstract This paper presents the results of a time-and-motion study of the production process in a shoe manufacturing company. An Ishikawa diagram and the 6M method were used to determine the cause of the company's low productivity. Tasks were then standardized using an operations process diagram and right/left hand charts. Finally, the production times were determined using a stopwatch. With the use of these tools, it was determined that the work was not evenly distributed among the work areas. To solve this, tasks were reassigned to balance the workload. Finally, the results were captured on a check sheet. The study verified that the use of production management techniques increases productivity and efficiency and in the production processes. This study shows that there was a production increase of 5.49%.

This paper reviews what stage the central banks of the world’s leading economies are at in their study and adoption of distributed ledger technology (DLT) to reengineer their various systems and functions. A brief description of DLT will be given, followed by an analysis of central banks’ publications and pronouncements to determine what each central bank is doing on their journey to DLT adoption. It was found that of the central banks for which information was available, all of them have expressed interest in DLT and have evaluated it to some extent. Nevertheless, no central bank has an operational DLT-based system at this point. This is because some issues remain regarding the speed, cost of processing, security, transparency and privacy, legal settlement finality, scalability and network effects of the technology. As DLT matures, the expectation is that these issues will begin to be resolved.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the essential features of a Management Information System (MIS), designed and implemented at the Universidad de Otavalo to support strategic planning, institutional evaluation, and decision making.   A five-phase and fifteen-stage process was applied, along with their corresponding techniques and expected results.  Based on the literature review and their experience with the implementation, the authors devised a novel MIS implementation approach, comprising the following phases: planning, information analysis, MIS design, implementation and evaluation.  The MIS consisted of four main modules: teaching, research, linkages with society, and management, and was based on the client-server model.  The literature review did not yield any publications that discussed truly integrated management information systems applied to university management covering the four main modules, thus confirming the originality of the work described in this paper. The MIS implementation results contributed to the improvement of the management of the university through the automation of most of the processes and activities related to institutional planning and evaluation, and considerably accelerated the processing and analysis of useful information for decision making.