Staghorn stones are large branching stones that fill part of the entire renal pelvis and calyces and can be complete or partial depending on the degree of occupation of the collecting system. Although kidney stones are more common in men, coral stones are reported less frequently in men than in women and are usually unilateral. Due to the significant morbidity and potential mortality attributed to staghorn stones, prompt evaluation and treatment are imperative. In general, the gold standard treatment for coral stones is surgical treatment to achieve a stone-free collecting system and preserve renal function.

The balance between the secretion of aqueous humor by the ciliary body and its drainage through 2 independent pathways, the trabecular meshwork and the uveoscleral outflow pathway; and this will determine the intraocular pressure, which is considered the determining factor for glaucoma. Glaucoma is an entity of great clinical importance, being the second cause of blindness worldwide. There are different explanations for the pathophysiology of the disease, as well as immunological and vascular factors that lead to an increase in intraocular pressure, causing all these factors to trigger the development of glaucoma. Pseudoexfoliation syndrome can be defined as a systemic pathology that is generated by the deposition of extracellular fibrillar material in different tissues, and which, depending on the affected person, can cause different subsequent entities. Glaucoma progression and its sequelae may be more related to higher intraocular pressures than to other mechanisms. Various studies relate oxidative stress to glaucomatous progression. As the composition of the material causing pseudoexfoliation is further studied, its influence on the eye can be better understood.

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Background: There has been increased interest in identifying the associated factors to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) remission after bariatric surgery. One of these factors is the BP limb length. The objective of our study was to evaluate the T2DM remission rate in patients subjected to Roux -en- Y gastric bypass (RYGB) who had different Biliopancreatic (BP) limbs length. Methods: 48 patients with obesity grade II, and T2DM diagnosis, were subjected to RYGB and completed a one year of surgical follow up. All patients were grouped according to the BP limb length: In group A (n= 24) patients with BP limbs of 100 cm or less; in group B (n= 24) patients with BP limb from 150 to 170 cm in length. Results: Both groups presented an elevated remission rate of T2DM (83% full remission in the population studied). In group A 18 patients (75%) presented a full remission, while 2 patients (8.3%) showed a partial remission and only 4 patients (16.7%) were considered without remission at the one year follow up. In group B all patients had some remission: 22 patients (91.7%) presented a full remission (91.7%) and the rest of the patients showed a partial remission (8.3%), no significant difference was found between the two groups. Conclusions: Bariatric surgery remains as the best long term treatment for obesity and its comorbidities, despite some differences in the RYGB technique, BP limb length from 50 to 170 cm did not affect post RYGB glycemic control.