The purpose of this study was to further analyze the effects of education on cognitive decline during normal aging. An 806-subject sample was taken from five different Mexican regions. Participants ranged in age from 16 to 85 years. Subjects were grouped into four educational levels: illiterate, 1-4, 5-9, and 10 or more years of education, and four age ranges: 16-30, 31-50, 51-65, and 66-85 years. A brief neuropsychological test battery (NEUROPSI), standardized and normalized in Spanish, was administered. The NEUROPSI test battery includes assessment of orientation, attention, memory, language, visuoperceptual abilities, motor skills, and executive functions. In general, test scores were strongly associated with level of educational, and differences among age groups were smaller than differences among education groups. However, there was an interaction between age and education such as that among illiterate individuals scores of participants 31-50 years old were higher than scores of participants 16-30 years old for over 50% of the tests. Different patterns of interaction among educational groups were distinguished. It was concluded that: (a) The course of life-span changes in cognition are affected by education. Among individuals with a low level of education, best neuropsychological test performance is observed at an older age than among higher-educated subjects; and (b) there is not a single relationship between age-related cognitive decline and education, but different patterns may be found, depending upon the specific cognitive domain.

I would also like to acknowledge the faculty of the Department of Applied Economics of the University of Valladolid, for giving me the opportunity to spend five years in such a warm and stimulating environment.Finally, I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to my parents, my brother and my sister, for their love and strong support. Without them, I would never have become who I am today.To them I dedicate this thesis. i Resumen Actualmente, está ampliamente aceptado el carácter multidimensional de la pobreza, que involucra no solo la renta, sino también otros aspectos como la educación o la salud. En este entorno multidimensional, es importante analizar la dependencia entre las dimensiones, ya que un alto grado de dependencia podría exacerbar la pobreza. De hecho, esta dependencia interdimensional es el aspecto clave de cualquier análisis multivariante y, por lo tanto, cualquier evaluación certera de la pobreza multidimensional debe tener en cuenta la asociación mul-vast majority of the EU countries dependence in the lower tail tends to be higher than in the upper tail. We also find that, between 2008 and 2014, in most ot the EU countries there was an increase in multivariate lower tail dependence. By contrary, in the post-crisis period of 2014-2018 we find that, in most of the countries, the degree of multivariate lower tail dependence between poverty dimensions remained rather stable. Moreover, if we consider the whole period analysed, only in three of the EU countries multivariate lower tail dependence between poverty dimensions seems to be clearly lower in 2018 than in 2008.

Literary critics have paid little attention to the textual history of Guillermo Prieto’s “Musa callejera”. When spoken of, his work is thought of as monolithic, whose only antecedent was Filomeno Mata’s 1883 edition, legitimized by the 1971 reprint that Francisco Monterde made for Porrúa publishing house. However, the structure of its textual history reveals three main facts which may modify the vision of Guillermo Prieto’s works: on one hand, that his very first book of poems, Versos inéditos, which completely propounds its own poetics, has been hidden in the author’s work; on the other hand, that Filomeno Mata’s “Musa callejera” is actually an anthology of Prieto’s poems, and finally, that “Musa callejera” is a literary project that the author continued until a few years before his death.

A pesar del gran esfuerzo que significaron las Obras completas de Guillermo Prieto para dar a conocer su producción, dispersa en una ingente cantidad de fuentes hemerográficas del siglo xix, muchos de sus textos aún permanecen sepultados en la monumental hazaña. De la “Vivienda de Fidel”, por ejemplo, apenas existe mención. Boris Rosen habla de ella, aunque sólo breve y tangencialmente, cuando describe el contenido de los volúmenes que ha decidido nombrar “Periodismo político y social”.