In the world, healthcare waste comprises on different groups of waste due to the possibility of infectious importance. In develop and under developed countries, hospital and health care waste management was recognised discipline and in the management of health care economy it engrosses carping position. The reduction of toxic and infectious effect of health care waste on environment and all living stuffs present in environment by the disposal of waste in proper and economic way was the main responsibility of hospital management. The present research was aimed to conduct the comparative analysis of hospital waste management in three main hospital at Faisalabad city for the development of improvement strategies. In this study, at Allied, District Headquarter and Govt. General hospital Samanabad waste management at each step was observed and evaluated. Cardiac care unit, immune care unit, children ward, gynae ward, outdoors department, laboratory and theatre were the main portion at which management was assessed. The comparison between management of hospital was made to point out best working conditions of management at current situations. Questionnaire was conducted in each hospital and result are shown by employing Microsoft Excel. The absence of management practices was observed at different points. The status of incinerator was observed. Gas emission control devices was not attached to the incinerator unit. In all hospitals, incineration come to know as final disposal method. Finally, for additional sequence of achievement, the developments approaches and solid recommendations were adapted. So that transmission of hospital waste toxic and infectious effect toward environment may reduce by such improvements and development approaches.

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Industrial activity is one of the major reason of groundwater contamination. Arsenic is one, which is responsible for the contamination of the groundwater. Its testing in groundwater is considered as an important activity due to its serious effects on human health. Arsenic problem in Pakistan has been identified recently as a result of field testing. In Faisalabad, arsenic has been found in groundwater within permissible limit. But due to increasing industrial activities the concentration of arsenic is increasing day by day. Drain passing through the city is one of the sources of arsenic in groundwater. The research work was conducted at Syedabbad, Faisalabad. Samples were taken from the selected drain portion and from the groundwater by the help of water pumps. The sampling points were drawn on GIS map by the help of GPS receiver to study the spatial variability of arsenic contamination The results shows that there 10109.9 mg per second intake of arsenic due to drain. Results show that there is no temporal variability of arsenic within the research period but they have spatial variability.

Due to water scarcity issues in developing countries, wastewater irrigation has become a viable common practice in majority of the agricultural areas of Pakistan. It has been widely claimed that the use of wastewater for irrigation purpose not only helps in addressing the issues of water scarcity but fulfills the nutritional requirements for the cultivation as well. But the municipal wastewater in urban and peri urban areas of Punjab are carrying excessive pollution loads of untreated industrial wastewater, which is becoming a source of subsurface contamination as well as health hazard, due to carriage of toxic chemicals and heavy metals through the drains, being released from the industries. Industrial areas have equally been spread out all over the province of Punjab, thus the issue of irrigation by using untreated wastewater exists in all the regions of the Punjab. This research work reviews the findings of impact of different significant parameters on soil and groundwater and the uptake of these parameters by the plants and vegetations, along with assessing the health risk of these contaminants on humans after consumption. Based on the review, frame work for the application of municipal wastewater for irrigation purpose in the peri urban areas of Punjab has also been recommended.

Water quality is considered as a major issue in mega cities of developing countries. The city of Faisalabad has over 4 million population. Groundwater is the main source of drinking water in Faisalabad. The groundwater quality should be regularly monitored in order to cope with the drinking water quality issues. An attempt has been made to understand the groundwater quality by using water quality index (WQI) at Chokera area, Faisalabad, Pakistan. It is a technique of rating water quality, is an effective tool to assess spatial and temporal changes in groundwater quality. Sixty groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for physico-chemical parameters using standard method of analysis. From the data obtained, the water quality index was calculated by adopting the method developed by Tiwari and Mishra. Water quality index rating was carried out to quantify overall ground water quality status of the area. The WQI index of the same has been calculated and the values ranged from 73 to 272. The WQI values from present study indicate the very poor water quality in the area. The analysis reveals the fact that the groundwater of the Chokera area needs a degree of treatment before consumption and needs to be protected from further contamination.