Aim:To evaluate the biocompatibility of a new root canal irrigant Q mix™ 2 in 1 in comparison to 0.9% sterile saline, 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).Materials and Methods:Six circles were drawn on the dorsal skin of 24 male Wistar Albino rats, leaving 2cm between each circle. Using a syringe, 0.1mL of each root canal irrigant was injected subcutaneously into five circles. In the sixth circle, the needle of an empty syringe was introduced into the skin, but no irrigant was injected (control group). Evaluations were done at 2 hours, 48 hours, 14 days, and 30 days postprocedure. Tissue samples were excised, embedded in paraffin blocks, and 3 μm thick sections were obtained and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The areas of inflammatory reaction were evaluated. From each tissue sample, five sections presenting the greatest inflammatory reactions were examined under a light microscope, and analyzed statistically by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test.Results:At the two-hour examination period, all the irrigants showed a slight increase in the number of inflammatory cells, at 48 hours, the number of inflammatory cells were increased significantly, and after 14 and 30 days, they were decreased gradually. Qmix™ 2 in 1 showed a smaller number of inflammatory cells than other irrigants tested.Conclusion:QMix™ 2 in 1 was shown to be less toxic to the rat subcutaneous tissue than 3% NaOCl, 2% CHX, and 17% EDTA.

Periapical lesions are the most common pathological conditions involving teeth which often require surgical intervention. To achieve optimal healing both clinically and radiographically, bone grafts and barrier membranes have been used to fill the periapical defect after degranulation of the lesion. Colostrum is one of the new materials, which has osteoinductive or regenerative potential. The present case reports describe the use of bovine colostrum in the treatment of periapical inflammatory lesion with a follow-up period of 12 months. These case reports suggest that colostrum can be used to fill the periapical defect after degranulation, which has a favorable outcome.