Institutions of higher education have been gradually employing more part-time faculty over the past several decades. Walsh (2002) estimates that parttime faculty employment across all types of institutions increased 79 percent from 1981 to 1999 (Wallin, 2004). The growth of part-time faculty at community colleges is equally astounding. It is now estimated that 67 percent of faculty at two-year colleges are part time (Gappa, Austin, and Trice, 2007).This chapter surveys issues related to the employment of part-time faculty at two-year colleges over the past few decades. It discusses the institutional advantages of hiring part-time faculty at community colleges, working conditions and environments of part-time faculty, and research that suggests that as community colleges hire more part-time faculty, they may be doing so at the cost of the educational outcomes of students. For the purposes of this chapter the terms adjunct faculty and part-time faculty are both used since they are used interchangeably in the literature.

OBJECTIVE The Rare and Atypical Diabetes Network (RADIANT) will perform a study of individuals and, if deemed informative, a study of their family members with uncharacterized forms of diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The protocol includes genomic (whole-genome [WGS], RNA, and mitochondrial sequencing), phenotypic (vital signs, biometric measurements, questionnaires, and photography), metabolomics, and metabolic assessments. RESULTS Among 122 with WGS results of 878 enrolled individuals, a likely pathogenic variant in a known diabetes monogenic gene was found in 3 (2.5%), and six new monogenic variants have been identified in the SMAD5, PTPMT1, INS, NFKB1, IGF1R, and PAX6 genes. Frequent phenotypic clusters are lean type 2 diabetes, autoantibody-negative and insulin-deficient diabetes, lipodystrophic diabetes, and new forms of possible monogenic or oligogenic diabetes. CONCLUSIONS The analyses will lead to improved means of atypical diabetes identification. Genetic sequencing can identify new variants, and metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis can identify novel mechanisms and biomarkers for atypical disease.

A concerted effort has been devoted to diversifying law schools. However, the focus has been almost exclusively on increasing the structural diversity of the student body rather than increasing diverse interactions. This study investigates the types of activities and experiences in law school that relate with more frequent diverse interactions. Findings illustrate several other factors, in addition to structural diversity, are related with more frequent diverse interactions. These factors include perceptions of a supportive and friendly law school environment, interactions with faculty members, positive relationships with other students, pro bono work, and being a member of a student organization.