Objective: To produce buccal translation and determine whether buccal bone forms on the cortical surfaces. Materials and Methods: Eleven patients requiring maxillary first premolar extractions participated in this prospective, randomized, split-mouth study. Pre-and posttreatment records included models, photographs, and small field of view CBCT images. One randomly chosen maxillary first premolar was moved buccally with 50 g of force applied approximately at the tooth's center of resistance. The other premolar served as the control. Forces were re-activated every 3 weeks for approximately 9 weeks, after which the teeth were held in place for 3 weeks. Pre-and posttreatment records were analyzed and superimposed to evaluate changes in the dental-alveolar complex. Results: There was significant (P , .05) movement of the experimental premolar with minimal buccal tipping (2.2u). Changes in maximum bone height were bimodal, with 6 patients showing 0.42 mm and 5 patients showing 8.3 mm of vertical bone loss. Buccal bone thickness 3 mm apical to the CEJ decreased 0.63 mm. Direct measurements and CBCT superimpositions showed that buccal bone over the roots grew 0.46 mm and 0.51 mm, respectively. Conclusions: It is possible to produce buccal bodily tooth movement with only limited amounts of tipping. Such movements are capable of producing buccal bone apposition, but there are potential limitations. (Angle Orthod. 2016;86:527-534.)