(2015) A qualitative study of perfectionism among self-identified perfectionists in sport, dance, and music. Sport, exercise and performance psychology, 44 (4). pp. 237-253. When adopting any measure of perfectionism to examine the characteristic in sport or the 2 performing arts, researchers make assumptions regarding its core features and, sometimes, its 3 effects. So to avoid doing so, in the current study we employed qualitative methods to examine 4 the accounts of self-identified perfectionists. Specifically, the purpose of this study was to 5 explore the opinions and perceptions of high-level, self-identified perfectionists from sport, 6 dance, and music. In particular, we sought to obtain detailed information regarding (i) 7 participants' perceptions of the main features of being a perfectionist and (ii) how they perceived 8 being a perfectionist to influence their lives. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 9 international/professional athletes, dancers, and musicians. Thematic analysis was used to 10 identify patterns and themes within the transcripts. Three overarching themes were identified: 11 drive, accomplishment, and strain. Being a perfectionist was characterised by the participants as 12 having ever increasing standards, obsessiveness, rigid and dichotomous thinking, and 13 dissatisfaction. The participants also described how being a perfectionist influenced their lives 14 by, on the one hand, providing greater capacity for success in their respective domains but, on 15 the other hand, contributing to varying degrees of personal and interpersonal difficulties. The 16 accounts suggest that, in the main, the content of current models and measures adequately 17 capture the features of being a perfectionist in sport and performing arts. However, a greater 18 focus on obsessiveness, dissatisfaction, and intra-versus inter-personal dimensions of 19 perfectionism would provide further insight into the lives of perfectionists in these domains. 20 21 22

The purpose of this study was to assess rural older adults’ perceptions of leisure-time physical activity and examine these perceptions from a historical perspective. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 inhabitants (mean age 82 years) of Fogo Island, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and subjected to inductive analysis. Member-checking interviews were conducted with 5 participants. Findings indicated that beginning in childhood, participants were socialized into a subculture of work activity. As a result of these historical and social forces, leisure-time physical activity did not form part of the participants’ lives after retirement. Strategies for successful aging involved keeping busy, but this “busyness” did not include leisure-time physical activity. Results demonstrated the importance of developing a broader understanding of how past and present-day contexts can influence participation in leisure-time physical activity.

A descriptive exploratory study was conducted to gain an understanding of public perceptions of physical activity guidelines and to discover what formats appeal to participants. Canada's Physical Activity Guide (CPAG) was used as an example of such guidelines. Data were collected from 22 participants in five focus groups (composed of female undergraduate students, female office workers, male office workers, participants in a Type II diabetes rehabilitation program, and participants in a cardiovascular rehabilitation program). Cross-case qualitative analyses were conducted. Six themes emerged under the general categories of familiarity and preferences for PA promotional materials. In terms of familiarity, participants lacked awareness of CPAG and criticized its format. In terms of preferences, participants encouraged the use of stylistically similar messaging to those used by commercial advertisers, wanted personal stories, Internet-based media, and the use of celebrities' success stories. There was little awareness of CPAG and the current format was unappealing.

BackgroundMicrogrants are a mechanism for providing funding to community organizations or groups to support health initiatives. Little research to date has examined the use of microgrants in promoting physical activity (PA), and no studies have explored how microgrants may support PA promotion among adolescents. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of microgrants in enhancing PA opportunities for Canadian adolescents.MethodsEmploying a case study approach, nine community organizations from across Canada were selected as cases providing sports and physical activities with the support of microgrant funding. Researchers visited each organization and conducted semi-structured interviews with 40 program participants (12–25 years of age, M = 16.3, SD = 2.6) and 17 adult organizers/instructors (23–57 years of age, M = 37.4, SD = 10.0). Interview transcripts were inductively and deductively coded to identify concepts and create a hierarchy of themes.ResultsAnalysis produced themes regarding participants’ perceptions of the Funding, Running Programs and Events, the Impact of Program (for the Organization, Teen Participants, and the Community). Opportunities for PA programming would not have been possible without the microgrant funding. Microgrant funding was valuable in promoting PA for adolescents, and they afforded opportunities for adolescents to engage in new and/or nontraditional activities. In addition to promoting PA, the microgrants had benefits for participants and the community organizations including improved organizational capacity.ConclusionsMicrogrants appear to be an effective mechanism for enhancing community capacity to provide PA opportunities for Canadian adolescents by helping to reduce financial barriers and empowering adolescents to take an active role in identifying and hosting new and creative PA events within their communities.

The purpose of this research was to evaluate television advertisements targeted at 55-70-year olds that promoted physical activity and fruit and vegetable consumption. Awareness of the campaign, perceived credibility of the source, intentions to visit a promoted website, and intentions to perform the healthy behaviors were evaluated using mixed methods research. Results from a population level survey (n = 1600) showed low unprompted and prompted awareness of the campaign and no differences in intentions or behaviors among those who were aware of the campaign. Unprompted recall resulted in a very wide range of responses including the citation of many commercial advertisers. Qualitative themes that emerged from the focus groups included neutral, positive, and negative comments about the advertisements, source credibility, website considerations specific to seniors, and suggestions about appropriate advertising for older adults. This research showed that the increased attention paid to the advertisements was due in a large part to negative reactions to the character used in the advertisements. Another important finding was the government was not considered to be a credible source of health information. Finally, health promoters should be cautious about websites as the primary source of information, particularly for older adults. KeywordsTelevision advertisements; Older adults; Survey; Focus groups BackgroundModifiable lifestyle factors such as consuming a diet that includes fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and is low in saturated fat and added sugars can improve health (US Department of Health, 2000). Eating Well with Canada's Food Guide (Health Canada, 2007) CIHR Author ManuscriptCIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author Manuscript also recommends that adults over the age of 50 consume seven servings of fruits and vegetables and seven servings of grains per day; yet on a daily basis, only 59% of men and 52% of women between the ages of 51 and 70 years consume at least five servings of fruits and vegetables (Statistics Canada, 2007). In addition to a healthy diet, physical activity is an important factor in achieving and maintaining health. Physical inactivity is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease as well as a number of other negative health outcomes (Warburton, Nicol, & Bredin, 2006). Diseases of the circulatory system are much more prevalent in seniors but these can be improved with physical activity (Taylor et al., 2004). Taylor et al. also provide compelling evidence for the positive role that physical activity can play in bone health and falls prevention in seniors. Although population levels of leisuretime physical activity were on the rise in Canada in the 1980s and 1990s (Craig, Russell, Cameron, & Bauman, 2004), seniors continue to be among the least active, with 50% of men and 65% of women over the age of 65 years classified as inactive (Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute, 2005). It is clear that improving diets and increasing levels of physical activity can have...