Objectives: To find out the correlation between inter commissural width and maxillary inter canine width. Study Design: Cross-sectional Research. Setting: Department of Prosthodontics Dental OPD LUHMS Jamshoro. Period: June to December 2021. Material & Methods: A total of 100 patients with maxillary impressions of patient were taken in metal perforated stock trays with irreversible Hydrocolloid impored immediately with dental stone type IV for making the study cast. Questionnaire mode of research instrument was used for the data acquisition during patient treatment.  In parallel with maxillary anterior teeth selection and inter-commissural width determination by using Vernier calliper, the inter-canine distance was also assessed. Results: About 100 patients were assessed maxillary anterior teeth selection, and inter-commissural width. The mean age of the study participants was recorded as 21.52±2.83 years. Whereas 63% patients were male. The overall statistical calculations showed a significant positive correlation (r=0.73; p=0.0005) between and the inter-commissural width and maxillary inter-canine teeth. Conclusion: Based on the findings, the study concludes that there is a significant correlation between inter-commissural width and maxillary inter-canine teeth among the south-west population in Sindh.

Objective: The study was aimed to isolate and identify Actinomycetes from rhizosphere soil of Malik deenar college of pharmacy, Kasaragod, Kerala, and to screen the plant growth promoting the activity of isolated actinomycetes on Ocimum sanctum. Methods: The Actinomycetes were isolated from rhizosphere region soil by serial dilution and pour plating method. Then they were identified to a generic level based on morphological characters, and biochemical characters. Plant growth promoting activity was screened by placing 3 sets of Ocimum sanctum seedlings in different pots and the shoot length was measured after 10 d and compared with control. Results: 19 different types of isolates were chosen based on their morphological characteristics and used for assessments of plant growth promoting activity. Among the 19 isolates, 17 isolates were identified as Streptomyces spp. And 2 were belongs to Nocardia spp. The actinomycetes isolates which belong to Streptomyces spp were shown plant growth promoting activity. Conclusion: The result of this study revealed that the rhizosphere soil has different types of actinomycetes, among these Streptomyces spp. are more abundant and common. These Streptomyces spp. have predominant activity on plant growth promotion with respect to Ocimum sanctum.

Objective: Piper betal and Piper nigrumare traditional medicinal plants that have antifungal activity against Candida albicans, a combination of these two plants have not been known for its activity against this fungus. The purpose of this research was to formulate topical gel, a combination of P. betal and P. nigram which has antifungal activity against Candida albicans.Methods: The antifungal activity test of P. betal and P. nigrum using agar well diffusion method was carried out. Thereafter, a topical gel formulation was prepared using Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as a gelling agent of concentration 1; 1.5 and 2%. Test parameters for topical gel includes organoleptic, pH, extrudability, spreadability, diffusion, and stability test.Result: The results of this study showed that P. betel and P. nigrum extracts had antifungal activity. Antifungal activity combination of P. betel and P. nigrum leaf extract is synergistic. For the formulation materials, the concentration chosen is 1: 1 (P. betel: P. nigrum) because in that combination the value of the resistor area is still categorized well. The stability test results stated that all the formulas were stable even after 30 d of stability studies.Conclusion: This is the first report on the scientific evaluation of betel and pepper leaf extracts combination as a gel for antifungal activity. Thus our study reveals both leaf extracts to be good antifungals; their methanolic hydro extracts may be formulated as hydrogels with satisfactory physicochemical parameters.