Endovascular instrument video motion analysis is feasible and may represent a valuable tool for the objective assessment of endovascular skill.

Among 191 patients with facial clefts (cleft lip and/or cleft palate), the incidence of congenital heart defects was increased. Two-thirds (21 of 32) of the dead children had severe heart disease. In 150 living patients with facial clefts, the incidence of congenital cardiac malformations was 1.3%. In the 31 patients concordant for facial clefts and heart disease, transposition of the great vessels and single ventricle were unexpectedly absent, probably because the embryological defect responsible for these two cardiac lesions precedes palatal development by 1\m=1/2\to 2 weeks. The incidence of heart disease, while high (20%) in children dying with the Pierre Robin syndrome, was greater (75%) in deceased infants who had cleft palate without the Pierre Robin syndrome.

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A case of two-and-a-half years old unreduced, irreducible dislocation of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb, treated initially by gradual external distraction and later by interphalangeal joint arthrodesis is reported. The advantages of gradual external distraction over open reduction in cases of unreduced and irreducible dislocations are discussed.