Abstract. The target protein for Xklp2 (TPX2), a microtubuleassociated protein, can be used to evaluate more precisely the proliferative behavior of tumor cells. The abnormal expression of TPX2 in various types of malignant tumors has been reported, but less is known for cervical cancer. We studied the relationship between TPX2 expression and the biological behavior of cervical cancer. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression of TPX2 in cervical cancer tissues. The inhibitory effect of TPX2-siRNA on the growth of HeLa human cervical carcinoma cells was studied in vitro. TPX2 expression was found to be significantly higher in cervical carcinoma compared to normal cervical tissues and CIN. The expression of TPX2 in cervical cancer was correlated with histological grading, FIGO staging and lymph node metastasis. TPX2 RNAi in HeLa cervical cancer cells caused S-phase cell cycle arrest, induced apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation and invasion. In conclusion, TPX2 shows potential to be used as a new marker for cervical cancer diagnosis and therapy.

Impingement heat transfer from rib roughened surface within two-dimensional arrays of circular jet has been investigated experimentally. After the jet impinges on the rib roughened surface parallel to the jet plate, it is constrained to exit in a single direction along the channel formed by the jet plate and the rib roughened surface. An initial crossflow is present which approaches the arrays through an upstream extension of the channel. The configurations considered are intended to simulate the impingement cooling midchord region of the gas turbine aerofoils in case where an initial crossflow is also present. The study covered four different relative positions of the jet hole to the ribs: jet hole before the rib (−p/4), jet hole on the rib, jet hole behind the rib (+p/4) and jet hole between the ribs (midst,+p/2). The tests were performed for Reynolds number Re = 8000 and 15000, and the nondimensional jet-to-surface spacing z/d = 1.4, 2.0 and 3.0. The test results show that the impingement heat transfer from the rib roughened surface can be considerably improved by adequately arranging the relative position of the jet hole to the ribs.

Three-dimensional numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the effects of film-hole arrangement and blowing ratio on the squealer tip leakage flow field and tip film-cooling performance. Six film-hole arrangements with 13 holes are designed in the current study for comparison. In type-A and type-B, the film-cooling holes are arranged in a single row, located at the middle camber line or close to the suction-side squealer. The four modified film-hole arrangements are realized by placing two rows of total 7 film-cooling holes at the leading edge (type-C, type-D, type-E and type-F) and remaining the rest film-cooling holes in a row at the middle chord zone. The results show that the leakage flow entering the tip gap from the leading edge of suction side, the leading edge of pressure side and the middle chord and trailing edge of pressure side behaves different flow feature inside the tip cavity, inducing complicated swirling flow filed. The modified film-hole arrangements yield more reasonable film coverage on the tip surface by comparing with the single row film-hole arrangement under relatively high blowing ratios. In addition, the modified film-hole arrangements also show different rules on the film-cooling effectiveness distributions over some specific surfaces, such as tip cavity bottom surface and squealer top surface, as well as PS squealer inner surface and SS squealer inner surface. Among the presented four modified film-hole arrangements, type-D and type-F gain the most favorable film-cooling improvement.

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In order to accurately predict the incident critical heat flux (ICHF, the heat flux at the heated surface when CHF occurs) of a water-cooled W/Cu monoblock for a divertor, the exact knowledge of its peaking factors (fp) under one-sided heating conditions with different design parameters is a key issue. In this paper, the heat conduction in the solid domain of a water-cooled W/Cu monoblock is calculated numerically by assuming the local heat transfer coefficients (HTC) of the cooling wall to be functions of the local wall temperature, so as to obtain fp. The reliability of the calculation method is validated by an experimental example result, with the maximum error of 2.1% only. The effects of geometric and flow parameters on the fp of a water-cooled W/Cu monoblock are investigated. Within the scope of this study, it is shown that the fp increases with increasing dimensionless W/Cu monoblock width and armour thickness (the shortest distance between the heated surface and Cu layer), and the maximum increases are 43.8% and 22.4% respectively. The dimensionless W/Cu monoblock height and Cu thickness have little effect on fp. The increase of Reynolds number and Jakob number causes the increase of fp, and the maximum increases are 6.8% and 9.6% respectively. Based on the calculated results, an empirical correlation on peaking factor is obtained via regression. These results provide a valuable reference for the thermal-hydraulic design of water-cooled divertors.