Background Persistent fifth aortic arch (PFAA) is a rare anomaly often associated with aortic coarctation or interruption, and various surgical techniques for this anomaly have been reported. Herein, we show a case of an infant with PFAA and severe aortic coarctation. Case presentation A 41-day-old female infant was admitted for sustained fever. Initially, the patient was diagnosed with bacterial meningitis, and echocardiography showed PFAA with severe aortic coarctation. Because the patient presented progressive oliguria and metabolic acidosis, she was transferred for emergency cardiac surgical intervention. The aortic arch was reconstructed using end-to-side anastomosis between the fifth aortic arch and the descending aorta without any artificial conduit or patching material. Conclusions PFAA with aortic coarctation can be repaired by various surgical methods. Among them, our surgical approach is easy and effective, has growth potential, and an additional surgery is not needed.

Background: The use of ProGlide as a percutaneous vascular closure device in cardiac surgery remains inconclusive. This study investigated the clinical outcomes of using Pro-Glide in the percutaneous cannulation of femoral vessels in adult cardiac surgery. Methods: From September 2017 to July 2018, 131 consecutive patients underwent femoral vessel cannulation during cardiac surgery. The ProGlide (Abbott Vascular Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA) with percutaneous cannulation was used in 118 patients (mean age, 55.7±15.5 years). The accessibility of femoral cannulation was evaluated through preoperative computed tomography. For cannulation, sonography was routinely used. The postoperative ankle-brachial index (ABI) was used to evaluate femoral artery stenosis. Results: Of the 118 patients, 112 (94.9%) and 6 (5.1%) underwent minimally invasive cardiac surgery and median sternotomy, respectively. Most femoral cannulations were performed on the right side (98.3%) using 15F to 19F arterial cannulas. The technical success rate of cannulation with ProGlide was 99.2%, with no delayed bleeding or cannulation site-related complications during hospitalization. During follow-up, only 1 patient showed femoral artery stenosis with claudication and was treated with interventional balloon angioplasty. The postoperative ABI revealed no significant difference in functional stenosis between the cannulation and non-cannulation sides (n=86; cannulation vs. non-cannulation, 1.2±0.1 vs. 1.1±0). Conclusion:Percutaneous femoral cannulation with ProGlide was safe and feasible in adult cardiac surgery. This technique may be a good alternative option in patients requiring femoral vessel cannulation for cardiac surgery.

Kartagener syndrome (KS) is a rare disease with an incidence of 1 in 20,000 to 30,000 births. There is no cure for KS, and conservative medical treatments are used to relieve symptoms and prevent disease progression. Lung transplantation (LT) is the only treatment option for end-stage KS. Since patients with KS have anatomical abnormalities such as situs inversus totalis, which often require surgery to correct, most reports are related to surgical techniques. Reports about morphological adaptations and changes in transplanted lung structure after LT in patients with KS are rare. We performed LT in a patient with KS and observed morphological adaptation of the lungs for 6 months on chest computed tomography using a quantitative evaluation tool (Chest Image Platform; Harvard University Disability Resources, Cambridge, MA, USA).

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