No abstract

This study provides an automatic method for detecting finger interruptions in electroluminescence (EL) images of multicrystalline solar cells. The proposed method is a supervised classification method. We obtain regions of interest (ROI) by separating the EL image to several regions. The fingers within each ROI are candidates for defect detection. We horizontally scan each ROI region and extract features from each finger pixel. In the training stage, we record a set of features which are extracted from interrupted fingers and noninterrupted fingers. These features are represented as points in a spectral embedding space produced by spectral clustering method. These points will be classified into two clusters: interrupted fingers and noninterrupted fingers. In the classification stage, we firstly detect the position of fingers in an EL image and obtain features from each finger. The set of features in each finger combined with known features in the training stage will be represented as points in the spectral embedding space and then will be classified to the cluster with nearer cluster centroid of known features. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively detect finger interruptions on a set of EL images of various solar cells.

The authors propose embedding watermarks in a subset of a model's faces to keep them in a predefined relationship with neighboring vertices so that any changes will ruin the relationship between the marked faces and neighboring vertices.