Over the last few decades, numerous biomarkers in Wilms' tumor have been confirmed and shown variations in prevalence. Most of these studies were based on small sample sizes. We carried out a meta‐analysis of the research published from 1992 to 2015 to obtain more precise and comprehensive outcomes for genetic tests. In the present study, 70 out of 5175 published reports were eligible for the meta‐analysis, which was carried out using Stata 12.0 software. Pooled prevalence for gene mutations WT1, WTX, CTNNB1, TP53, MYCN, DROSHA, and DGCR8 was 0.141 (0.104, 0.178), 0.147 (0.110, 0.184), 0.140 (0.100, 0.190), 0.410 (0.214, 0.605), 0.071 (0.041, 0.100), 0.082 (0.048, 0.116), and 0.036 (0.026, 0.046), respectively. Pooled prevalence of loss of heterozygosity at 1p, 11p, 11q, 16q, and 22q was 0.109 (0.084, 0.133), 0.334 (0.295, 0.373), 0.199 (0.146, 0.252), 0.151 (0.129, 0.172), and 0.148 (0.108, 0.189), respectively. Pooled prevalence of 1q and chromosome 12 gain was 0.218 (0.161, 0.275) and 0.273 (0.195, 0.350), respectively. The limited prevalence of currently known genetic alterations in Wilms' tumors indicates that significant drivers of initiation and progression remain to be discovered. Subgroup analyses indicated that ethnicity may be one of the sources of heterogeneity. However, in meta‐regression analyses, no study‐level characteristics of indicators were found to be significant. In addition, the findings of our sensitivity analysis and possible publication bias remind us to interpret results with caution.

An increasing number of studies have investigated the association between SLCO1B1 −521T>C and −388A>G polymorphisms and the risk of statin-induced adverse drug reactions (ADRs), but the results have been inconsistent. This meta-analysis was performed to gain more insight into the relationship. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched for relevant articles published before March 5th, 2015. The quality of included studies was evaluated by the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality scale. Pooled effect estimates (odds ratios [ORs] or hazard ratios [HRs) and corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association in overall and subgroup analyses for various genetic models. Begg’s rank correlation test and Egger’s linear regression test were used to examine the publication bias. A total of nine cohort and four case–control studies involving 11, 246 statin users, of whom 2, 355 developing ADRs were included in the analysis. Combined analysis revealed a significant association between the SLCO1B1−521T>C polymorphism and increased risk for ADRs caused by various statins, but the synthesis heterogeneity was generally large (dominant model: pooled effect estimate = 1.85, 95 % CI 1.20–2.85, P = 0.005; I2 = 80.70 %, Pheterogeneity < 0.001). Subgroup analysis by statin type showed that the ADRs risk was significantly elevated among simvastatin users (dominant model: pooled effect estimate = 3.43, 95 % CI 1.80–6.52, P = 0.001; I2 = 59.60 %, Pheterogeneity = 0.060), but not among atorvastatin users. No significant relationship was found between the −388A>G polymorphism and ADRs caused by various statins (dominant model: pooled effect estimate = 0.94, 95 % CI 0.79–1.13, P = 0.526; I2 = 40.10 %, Pheterogeneity = 0.196). The meta-analysis suggests that SLCO1B1 −521T>C polymorphism may be a risk factor for statin-induced ADRs, especially in simvastatin therapy. Conversely, there may be no significant association for −388A>G polymorphism.

Aim: Previous studies on the association between the SLCO1B1 521 T C and 388 A G polymorphisms and statin effectiveness have been inconsistent. We performed this meta-analysis to provide a more comprehensive estimation of this issue.

Congenital anterior urethrocutaneous fistula (CAUF) is a rare anomaly characterized by fistulization of penile urethra to skin. It's usually seen as an isolated deformity or may accompany genitourinary or anorectal malformations. We aim to define the common properties of patients mentioned in literatures by systematic review. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library was performed including cross-referencing independently by two assessors. Selections were restricted to human studies in English. Based on the systematic review, 63 patients in 34 articles were included in the study. Most common fistula site was subcoronal in 29 (46.0%) patients. Chordee was in 8 (14.5%) and associated genitourinary anomaly was detected in 19 (30.2%) of patients. Fistula recurrence ratio was 6/59 (11.3%) using different surgical techniques and 3/6 was closed spontaneously. CAUF is frequently located in subcoronal level and usually an intact urethra distal to it. Success rates are high with the principles of hypospadias surgery.