To optimize the seismic performance of a new type of steel-concrete tower, a 120 m steel-concrete composite tower model with a tuned mass damper (TMD) was constructed in ABAQUS for simulation analysis. Firstly, a time history analysis was conducted to study the towers with and without a TMD to determine the difference in their accelerations, velocities, and displacements. Then, a frequency spectrum analysis was performed to determine the tower vibration reduction effect of TMDs with different mass ratios. Five different cases were considered to explore the impact of different layouts on the dynamic performance of the tower. The results showed that the TMD had a significant vibration reduction effect on the tower accelerations, velocities, and displacements. The acceleration was reduced the most, while the vibration reduction effect in the middle of the tower was more significant than that at the top of the tower. For the steel-concrete tower studied in this paper, the optimal mass ratio of TMD was found to be 0.01. Placing one TMD at the top and another in the middle of the tower was found to be the optimal TMD arrangement for tower vibration reduction.