Abstract--Mineralogical (XRD), morphological (transmission electron microscopy), chemical (major, rare-earth elements, and scanning-transmission electron microscopy), and isotope (Sr, O, H) measurements were made of marine detrital smectite from shales to study their reactions during early diagenesis. Albian, Aptian, and Palaeogene smectite samples were selected from Deep Sea Drilling Project drill cores taken in the Atlantic Ocean and from outcrops and drill cores from Belgium and northern France. Detrital, fake-like smectite particles seem to have adapted to their depositional environment by isocbemical dissolution and subsequent crystallization of authigenic, lath-like particles. The major-element and rareearth element compositions of both types of particles are similar. The Sr isotope chemistry suggests that the dissolution-crystallization process occurred soon after deposition in an almost closed chemical system. Except for slight changes in the amount of Fe and the oxygen isotope composition, the reaction took place without noticeable chemical exchange with the interstitial or marine environment. Such closedsystem recrystallization of clay minerals may be a common diagenetic process if the water/rock ratio is small, as in shales.Rbsum6--Une 6tude min6ralogique (diffraction des rayons X), morphologique (616ments majeurs et terres rares, microsonde 61ectronique et microscope 61ectronique/t balayage et ~ transmission), et isotopique (Sr, O, H) a 6t6 r6alis6e sur des smectites-d&ritiques marines d'argilites pour 6xaminer leur 6volution diag6n&ique pr6coce. Des 6chantillons albo-aptiens et pal6o#nes ant s61ectionn6s de carottes de forages DSDP de l'Oc6an Atlantique et d'affleurements et de carottes de sondages du nard de la France et de la Belgique.Les particules de smectites d~tritiques ant une forme de flacons, el semblent s'adapter ~t leur environnement de d6p6t par dissolution isochimique et cristallisation de lattes authig~nes. Les compositions chimiques en el6ments majeurs et en terres rares sont tr~s voisines dans les deux types de particules. La g6ochimie isotopique du Sr sugg~re que ie processus de dissolution-cristallisation a eu lieu rapidement apr~s la s6dimentation dans un syst~me chimique pratiquement ferm6. A part quelques modifications mineures dans les teneurs en Feet les compositions isotopiques de l'oxyg6ne, la r6action a eu lieu sans intervention chimique visible de renvironnement interstitiel ou marin. Un tel ph6nom~ne de recristallisation des min6raux argileux dans un syst6me chimique dos pourrait 6tre un m6canisme diag6n6tique commun quand le rapport eau/roche est faible comme c'est le cas dans les shales.
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